西藏山南地区饲料原料能量与蛋白质营养价值评定  

Evaluation of energy and protein values of feed ingredients in the Shannan region of Tibet

作　　者：乔国华[1] 余成群[2] 朱新强[1] 李锦华[1] 杨晓[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所草业饲料研究室,兰州730050 [2]中国科学院北京地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2013年第6期82-85,共4页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：中央公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(BRF100203);西藏重大科技专项(XZ2011-05A)

摘　　要：为了明确西藏山南地区粗饲料、能量饲料和蛋白质饲料的营养价值,试验采用体外产气法对几种粗饲料(箭舌豌豆、鸭茅、青稞秸秆、紫花苜蓿、小麦秸秆和黑麦草等)和能量饲料(青稞、小麦、玉米和麦麸),采用3步消化法对蛋白质饲料(葵花粕、菜籽粕和箭舌豌豆种子)进行了营养价值评定。结果表明:粗饲料的净产气量范围为16.46～54.47 mL/200 mg,代谢能和泌乳净能值(计算值)分别为4.47～9.69 MJ/kg和2.14～5.82 MJ/kg;能量饲料青稞、小麦、玉米和麦麸的平均产气量分别为61.64,69.09,68.81,43.38 mL/200 mg,代谢能与泌乳净能值(计算值)分别为10.86,12.00,11.98,8.04 MJ/kg和6.81,7.65,7.63,4.74 MJ/kg。蛋白质饲料中,葵花粕和箭舌豌豆种子的蛋白质快速降解组分显著高于菜籽粕(P<0.05);菜籽粕的潜在降解组分显著高于其他2种蛋白质饲料(P<0.05);葵花粕、箭舌豌豆和菜籽粕的降解率常数c有很大差异,分别为0.079,0.062和0.055 h-1。饲料成本占畜禽生产总成本的65%左右。To know the nutritional values of the coarse feeds, energy feeds and protein feeds from Shannan region of Tibet, several coarse feeds （common vetch, cocksfoot grass, highland barley straw, alfalfa, wheat straw, ryegrass and so on）, and energy feeds （highland barley seed, wheat, corn and wheat bran） from the Shannan region of Tibet were collected for the evaluation of nutritional value for energy, respectively. The three - step in vitro digestion technique was used to assess the nutritional values of the protein feeds （ sunflower meal, rapeseed meal and common vetch seed）. The results showed that the net gas production of the coarse feeds was observed between 16.46 and 54.47 mL/200 mg DM. The calculated ME and NEL contents of the coarse feeds ranged from 4.47 to 9.69 MJ/kg DM and from 2.14 to 5.82 MJ/kg DM, respectively. The average gas productions of highland barley seed, wheat, corn and wheat bran were 61.64, 69.09, 68.81 and 43.38 mL/2OOmg DM respectively. The calculated ME and NEL contents of these grains werc 10.86, 12.00, 11.98 and 8.04 MJ/kg DM and 6.81,7.65, 7.63 and 4.74 MJ/kg DM, respectively. The rapid fractions of protein in sunflower meal and common vetch seed were higher than those in rapeseed meal （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The potential degradable fraction of protein in rapeseed meal was higher than that of the other two protein feeds （ P 〈 0.05 ）. There were significant changes of constant degradation rates c of protein among the three protein feeds. The c values were 0. 079, 0. 062 and 0. 055 h - 1 for sunflower meal, common vetch seed and rapeseed meal, respectively. The feed costs account for about 65% of the total costs of livestock and poultry production.

关 键 词：体外产气技术 3步消化法 能量 蛋白质 

分 类 号：S816.4[农业科学—饲料科学]