基于IEEE802.11p高速车路通信环境研究  

Research on vehicle to infrastructure high-speed communication based on IEEE 802.11p

作　　者：张和生[1,2] 张明洋[1] 孙伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学电气工程学院,北京100044 [2]轨道交通控制与安全国家重点实验室,北京100044

出　　处：《仪器仪表学报》2013年第5期1181-1187,共7页Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61174179;60874079);铁道部重点项目(2011Z001-D);轨道交通控制与安全国家重点实验室自主课题(RCS2009ZT003);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2011YJS213;2012YJS113)资助项目

摘　　要：针对基于IEEE802.11p构成高速车路通信中安全类消息传输的性能是否满足车路通信需求的问题,采用符合实际道路特点的Nakagami分布描述无线信道衰落,Poisson分布描述移动车辆发送的数据流,对单一路侧设备与连续移动车辆通信性能进行了仿真。以车辆消息发送间隔、通信车辆数量、车辆行驶速度为变量,得到4种不同接入类消息的车辆数与吞吐量、发包间隔与丢包率、发布间隔与平均时延、车辆速度与投递字节数的关系。结果表明,不同类型消息在车辆数与吞吐量关系上有一个优化点,可实现车辆数和吞吐量的最大化;丢包率和平均时延都会随着车辆数据发送间隔增大而增大。车速增加时,安全类消息的投递字节数下降且与车速成反比。从仿真结果可以看出,IEEE802.11p协议能够保证高优先级安全类消息传输服务质量。To test whether the performance of security message transmission meets the requirements of vehicular to in- frastructure high speed communication based on IEEE802.11 p, the communication between single roadside unit and mobile vehicle flow is simulated using Nakagami and Poisson distributions that accord with actual road characteristics to describe the wireless channel fading and moving vehicular data flow, respectively. The vehicular data sending inter- val, number of vehicles and vehicular speed are taken as the variables, the relationships between throughput and num- ber of vehicles, data sending interval and packet loss rate, data sending interval and average delay, as well as vehicu- lar speed and number of delivered data bytes for four different access categories of messages are obtained. The results show that, for different access categories of messages, there is an optimal point between the number of vehicles and throughput where both real time transmission and high network capacity are achieved, and maximal number of vehi- cles and throughput are realized. The packet loss rate and average latency will increase with the increasing of the ve- hicular data sending interval. The high priority messages can achieve low packet loss rate and low average latency un- der high vehicular data sending interval. When vehicular speed increases, the number of delivered bytes for security message will decline and is inversely proportional to the vehicle speed. The conclusion from simulation results is that the protocol of IEEE802.11 p is able to ensure communication service quality for high priority security messages.

关 键 词：车路通信 性能分析 NS-2仿真 IEEE802 11p协议 专用短程通信 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]