多级钒电池储能系统的功率优化分配及控制策略  

Power Optimization Distribution and Control Strategies of Multistage Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Energy Storage Systems

作　　者：李辉[1] 付博[1] 杨超[1] 赵斌[1] 唐显虎 

机构地区：[1]输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室(重庆大学),重庆市沙坪坝区400044 [2]重庆科凯前卫风电设备有限责任公司,重庆市渝北区401121

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2013年第16期70-77,16,共8页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室自主研究项目(2007DA10512710101);新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助项目(NCET-10-0878);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(CDJZR12150074);国家国际科技合作专项(2013DFG61520)~~

摘　　要：为了更好利用储能系统平抑大容量风电场功率波动,提出采用多级全钒液流电池(vanadium redox flow battery,VRB)储能的功率优化分配控制策略。首先,在建立VRB等效电路基础上,采用交直流变换器级联多重双向直流变换器作为VRB储能系统接口,分别建立了以稳定直流母线电压为目标的DC/AC变换器矢量控制策略,以电池荷电状态为约束的VRB充放电切换的DC/DC变换器双闭环控制策略。其次,以每级电池组的荷电状态值作为吞吐功率的优选目标,以外部端电压作为电池安全充放电的约束条件,提出多级VRB组的功率优化分配策略。最后,以不同荷电状态(stateof charge,SOC)值下的2级VRB储能系统为例,对其在风速波动情况下的风电功率平抑效果以及各个储能单元充放电运行性能进行仿真,并与功率平均分配策略进行对比。结果表明,所提出的多级VRB储能系统功率优化分配和控制策略能很好的平滑风电功率波动,又能减少单台VRB组的充放电次数,并确保电池工作于安全运行区域。In order to make better use of energy storage system to reduce the fluctuation of active power for large-scale wind farm, this paper proposes the optimization power distribution control strategies of the multistage vanadium redox flow battery （VRB） storage. Firstly, based on the equivalent circuit of a VRB and by using the interface of the DC/AC converter cascade multiple bi-directional DC/DC converter, a vector control strategy of DC/AC converter is presented to keep the stable DC bus voltage, and a double closed loop control strategy of DC/DC converter is established to switch charge-discharge style as a constraint of state of charge （SOC） on a single VRB. Secondly, by taking SOC value of each battery as priority target selection of output power, and by using the limit of external terminal voltage as the constraint conditions for battery safety charging and discharging, an optimization power distribution strategy of the multistage VRB energy storage is proposed. Finally, as an example of two-stage VRB energy storage system with different SOC values, the smoothing results of wind power fluctuation and the operation performances of charge-discharge on every VRB unit are simulated under the wind speed variation, and the simulation results are compared by using the average distribution strategy of active power, the comparative results have shown that the proposed power optimization distribution control strategies for VRB storage system could better smooth wind power fluctuation, but also could further reduce the charging and discharging times of single VRB, and ensure the battery work in the more safe operation region.

关 键 词：风力发电 功率波动 储能 全钒液流电池 充放电控制 

分 类 号：TM614[电气工程—电力系统及自动化] TM315