模板法制备中空结构材料的研究进展  

Research Progress of Hollow Structural Materials Prepared via Templating Method

作　　者：鲍艳[1] 杨永强[1] 马建中[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学资源与环境学院,西安710021

出　　处：《无机材料学报》2013年第5期459-468,共10页Journal of Inorganic Materials

基　　金：霍英东教育基金会高等院校青年教师基金(131108);国家自然科学基金(21006061);陕西省教育厅科学研究计划(12JK0438);国家国际科研合作专项项目(2011DFA43490);陕西科技大学科研创新团创(TD12-033)~~

摘　　要：中空结构材料具有低密度、高比表面积、可以容纳客体分子等特点被广泛用于环境保护、生物医药、电子等领域。模板法具有简单、重复率高、预见性好等诸多优点,在制备中空结构材料的过程中被广泛采用。根据所使用模板性质的不同,模板法又可分为传统模板法和自模板法两类。本文对模板法制备中空结构材料的研究进行了综述,首先阐述了硬模板法和软模板法两种传统模板法制备中空结构材料的研究进展,并在此基础上重点综述和评价了奥斯特瓦尔德熟化法、柯肯达尔效应法、电化学置换法和化学刻蚀法四种自模板法制备中空结构材料的研究进展,最后,对模板法制备中空结构材料的发展前景进行了展望。Hollow structural materials with low density and high surface area which can encapsulate small molecules, are widely used in environmental protection, drug delivery system, electronic and other fields. Because templating method is simple, and owns high repeat rate, good prediction and many other advantages, it is particularly interesting and frequently used to fabricate hollow structural materials with homogeneous, dense layers. Templating methods can be divided broadly into two classes according to the properties of templates used in synthesis, which can be called tra- ditional templating methods and self-templating methods, respectively. In this review, a comprehensive overview of the preparation of hollow structural materials via templating methods was provided. The progress of two traditional templating methods： hard templates and soft templates were firstly summarized. The research and development of hollow structural materials prepared via four self-templating methods： Ostwald ripening, Kirkendall effect, galvanic replacement and chemical etching were mainly reviewed and commented in the later. At last, perspective on the future research and development of hollow structural materials prepared by templating methods were also discussed.

关 键 词：中空结构材料 传统模板法 自模板法 综述 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]