云南香格里拉特有易危植物中甸刺玫的表型多样性  

Studies on Phenotypic Diversity of Vulnerable Rosa praelucens Endemic to Shangrila,Yunnan

作　　者：李树发[1] 李纯佳[1,2] 蹇洪英[1] 李淑斌[1] 熊劲 李进昆[1] 唐开学[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院花卉研究所,云南省花卉育种重点实验室,昆明650205 [2]云南大学,昆明650031 [3]格桑花卉公司,云南香格里拉674400

出　　处：《园艺学报》2013年第5期924-932,共9页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区基金项目(31260198);云南省科技计划项目(2011EB110)

摘　　要：利用形态学指标对云南香格里拉县现存的中甸刺玫(Rosa praelucens Byhouwer)3个天然居群、1个由引种植株构成的"引种"群体和1个由零星散生在农家的植株所构成"农家"群体进行了表型多样性研究。结果表明:(1)和平村天然居群的植株最高,花最大,果实最大,种子数量最多且百粒质量最大。乃司村天然居群的叶片小叶数最多,叶片连叶柄最长,果梗最长,但果实最小,种子百粒质量最轻。联合村天然居群的花色最红且变异最丰富。"农家"群体的植株冠幅最大,花瓣数最多且变异最丰富。"引种"群体的株高、冠幅、小叶片和花径等的均值最小但变异系数较大,花色最淡,种子数最少。(2)中甸刺玫种内存在着丰富的表型变异,23个表型性状的变异系数均值为22.88%,平均表型分化系数为69.56%,群体间的变异是其表型变异的主要来源。(3)目前引种的植株和自然散生在农家庭院的植株主要分别从乃司村和联合村人为地直接或间接采集并单独保存下来。基于中甸刺玫的表型多样性及变异特征,应尽可能地保护较多的居群;从资源利用的角度则应尽量保护群体的完整性以保存其群体内所蕴藏的观赏性状。The phenotypic diversity of R. praelucens from three natural populations and two introduced populations in Shangrila County of Yunnan was investigated according to 23 morphological traits. The results were the following： （ 1 ） Plants from HPC population were highest, with largest flowers and hips producing most abundant and heaviest achenes. As for plants from NSC population, leaflet number was the largest and the leaves were the longest. Although their pedicels were the longest, their hipswere the smallest and the achenes were the lightest. Flowers of LHC population were most deep and variable in color. The crowns of plants from FG population were largest, while the flowers were most abundant and variable in petal number. The height, crowns, leaflets and flowers of plants from IAC population were all the smallest, but all with the highest variation coefficient. Also, this population had the palest flower color and the least achenes. （2） R. praelucens was rich in phenotypic variation. The average variation coefficient of the studied traits reached 22.88%. The mean phenotypic differentiation coefficient was 69.56%, demonstrating that differentiation among populations was the major source of variation. （3） Plants from the IAC population and FG population were very close to those from NSC population and LHC population, which suggested that they had been possibly transplanted directly or indirectly from these 2 locations and then preserved. It is necessary to conserve more populations according to the phenotypic diversity and variation pattem of Rosa praelucens. The integrality of populations should also be kept in order to preserve as more omamental traits as possible for further utilization.

关 键 词：中甸刺玫 表型多样性 表型分化 保护 

分 类 号：S685.12[农业科学—观赏园艺]