适配体与病毒性感染诊断及治疗  

Applications of Aptamers in Viral Diagnosis and Therapy

作　　者：李红玉[1] 阎辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省医学科学院药物研究所,杭州310013

出　　处：《中国生物化学与分子生物学报》2013年第5期419-424,共6页Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.30873024);浙江省科技厅重大科技专项(No.2008C13031-1);浙江省科技厅钱江人才计划(No.2008R10030);卫生部科学研究基金(省部共建项目计划;No.U2011129691)~~

摘　　要：适配体(Aptamers)是通过指数富集的配体系统进化(systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment,SELEX)技术,从随机核酸文库中筛选出来的单链寡核苷酸,已在临床医疗及其他领域得到日益广泛的应用.与抗体相比,适配体具有很多优点,如高亲和力、高特异性、分子量小、几乎无免疫排斥反应、结构稳定、易于合成等.可用于适配体筛选的靶标范围非常广,包括有机小分子、蛋白质、完整细胞及病毒颗粒等.迅速可靠的病原检测对于病毒性传染病的成功预防和治疗具有重要意义.随着严格筛选和快速分离技术的进步,适配体在病毒感染的检测治疗中显示出巨大的潜力.本文概括介绍了适配体在病毒研究方面的最新应用进展及未来前景.Aptamers are single stranded oligonucleotide ligands, which were generated from randomized libraries of nucleic acids by systematic evolution of ligands by related to exponential enrichment （SELEX）, which have been utilized in a wide variety of fields including the clinical medicine. Compared with antibodies, aptamers have numerous merits, such as high affinity, high specificity, small size, little immunogenicity, stable structures, and ease of synthesis, etc. Aptamers can be used to target to a broad range of targets with high affinity and specificity, including small organic molecules, proteins, cells, and viruses. Early and reliable detection of pathogens is important for the successful treatment and prevention of viral epidemics. With recent technological developments in stringent selection and rapid isolation strategies, application of aptamers will play a greater potential role as therapeutic and diagnostic agents in virology. In this review, we summarized the recent application developments and future prospects of aptamers in the virus research field.

关 键 词：适配体 指数富集的配体系统进化技术 病毒检测 病毒治疗 

分 类 号：R318.08[医药卫生—生物医学工程]