油酸钠浮选氟碳铈矿机制研究  

Flotation Mechanism of Sodium Oleate on Bastnaesite

作　　者：邱显扬[1] 何晓娟[1] 饶金山[1,2] 汤玉和[1] 罗传胜[1] 张军[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州有色金属研究院选矿工程研究所,广东广州510650 [2]中南大学资源加工与生物工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《稀有金属》2013年第3期422-428,共7页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：国家科技部重点基础研究发展计划课题"973"项目(2012CB724201)资助

摘　　要：通过纯矿物试验,研究了氟碳铈矿在油酸钠为捕收剂体系下的浮选行为,当油酸钠用量5×10-5mol.L-1时,pH=6.5～11范围内,氟碳铈矿浮选回收率均在91%以上,在pH=8.5,氟碳铈矿浮选回收率最高,为99.77%。红外光谱检测结果表明,经过油酸钠作用,氟碳铈矿表面出现了油酸钠中-CH3和-CH2-的伸缩振动吸收峰;且氟碳铈矿的CO23-的反对称伸缩振动吸收峰偏移了28.93 cm-1,因此油酸钠在氟碳铈矿表面发生了化学吸附。根据油酸钠溶液化学计算,在pH=8.5时,油酸钠溶液的优势组分为C17H33COO-和(C17H33COO)22;结合氟碳铈矿在油酸钠捕收剂下的浮选行为,随着pH在2.00～8.04范围内上升,油酸钠溶液中C17H33COO-,(C17H33COO)22-含量上升,氟碳铈矿浮选回收率也上升;而当pH<5时,油酸钠的优势组分为C17H33COOH(aq),但回收率<40%,因此推测是C17H33COO-和(C17H33COO)22-在矿物表面发生化学吸附,从而决定氟碳铈矿的浮选,此外可能存在C17H33COOH(aq)和C17H33COOH(C17H33COO)-的物理吸附。根据氟碳铈矿晶体化学,由于氟碳铈矿解理0001发育,而在矿物表面容易暴露Ce3+,Ce3+在矿浆水溶液中溶解和水解而生成铈羟基络合物,铈羟基络合物吸附在矿物表面而成为浮选的活性点,Ce羟基络合物再与C17H33COO-和(C17H33COO)22反应生成了Ce(C17H33COO)3。Flotation behaviour of bastnaesite in the system with sodium oleate as collector was studied through pure mineral test, if dosage of sodium oleate was 5×10-5mol·L^-1, the flotation recovery of bastnaesite was over 91% when the pulp pH was set from 6.5to 11, and the highest recovery of bastnaesite was 99.77% when pulp pH = 8.5. As FT-IR tests showed that the stretching vibration absorption peaks of - CH3 and - CH2 - existed on the surface of bastnaesite after reacted with sodium oleate. And the antisymmetricvibration of CO23- deviated 28.93 cm , so chemical adsorption occurred between sodium oleate and bastnasite. Based on the results of solution chemistry calculation, C17 H33 COO- and （C17H33COO）22- were the main compositions if pulp pH = 8.5, according to results ofbastnaesite flotation behaviour, the flotation recovery increased together with the amount of Cl7 H33 CO0- and （C17H33COO）22- as the pH increased from 2.00 to 8.04, while the flotation recovery was less than 40% when advantage composition was C l7 H33 COOH （aq） ifpH 〈 5, so it is supposed that the chemical adsorption happened between bastnaesite and C17H33COO- and （C17H33COO）22- to deter-mine the flotation of bastnaesite, besides physical adsorption of C17 H33 COOH （aq） and C17 H33 COOH （ C,7 H33 COO） on bastnaesite might also happen. According to crystal chemistry of bastnaesite, Ce3 ＋ was exposed on the surface of bastnaesite due to the obviouscleavage face 0001, and cerium hydroxyl complex will be formed because of the dissolution and hydrolization of Ce3 ＋ in water solution of the pulp, and then these Ce hydroxyl complex absorbed on the mineral surface and became the active point of flotation and then reac-ted with C17H33COO- and （（C17H33COO）22 to form Ce（C17H33COO）3.

关 键 词：稀土矿 氟碳铈矿 油酸钠 傅里叶红外光谱 浮选溶液化学 

分 类 号：TD954[矿业工程—选矿]