2010—2011年北京地区14岁以上人群支气管哮喘患病率调查  

Survey on the prevalence rate of bronchial asthma in Beijing area among the residents aged over 14 years from 2010 to 2011

作　　者：王文雅[1] 林江涛[2] 苏楠[2] 刘国梁[2] 冯晓凯[2] 何权瀛[3] 王雯[4] 刘建华[5] 胥振阳[6] 张杰[7] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院研究生院,100730 [2]卫生部中日友好医院呼吸内科 [3]北京大学人民医院呼吸与危重症医学科 [4]首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院呼吸与危重症医学科 [5]北京市怀柔区第一医院呼吸科 [6]首都医科大学潞河医院呼吸内科 [7]首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院呼吸内科

出　　处：《中华医学杂志》2013年第18期1383-1387,共5页National Medical Journal of China

基　　金：首都医学发展科研基金（2007-1011）

摘　　要：目的调查2010—2011年北京地区14岁以上人群支气管哮喘（简称哮喘）患病率。方法2010年2月至2011年8月采用多级随机整群抽样，以北京地区14岁以上的常住居民作为研究对象进行人户问卷调查，然后根据病史、体征和肺功能检查确诊哮喘患者，采用SAS9．2软件进行统计分析，研究北京地区哮喘的患病率和流行病学分布特点。结果入户调查共计61107人，回收有效调查问卷57647份；确诊哮喘患者687例，其中男296例，女391例；北京地区哮喘总体患病率为1．19％（687／57647），其中郊区人群患病率为1．40％（269／19179），显著高于市区的1．09％（418／38468）（X2=10．850，P=0．001）；女性患病率为1．32％（391／29700），显著高于男性的1．06％（296／27947）（X2=8．098，P=0．004）。不同年龄段人群哮喘患病率差异也有统计学意义（X2=404．874，P=0．000），以年龄i〉71岁者患病率最高。市区与郊区人群患病率分别较2002年增高了1．12倍和2．26倍。本次调查首次确诊哮喘患者198例，占此次所有确诊患者的28．8％（198／687）。结论2010—2011年北京地区14岁以上人群哮喘患病率较前明显升高，调查结果基本反映了北京地区哮喘患病率的流行病学现状。Objective To survey the prevalence rate of bronchial asthma in Beijing area among residents aged over 14 years. Methods In accordance with stratified cluster random sampling, epidemiological questionnaires were performed in Beijing residents aged over 14 years during household visits from Febuary 2010 to August 2011. Asthma was diagnosed on the basis of case history, clinical signs and lung function test. The statistical software SAS 9. 2 was employed to analyze the epidemiological status of asthma. Results In a sampling population of 61 107, 57 647 questionnaires were effective. Among 687 asthmatics, there were 296 males and 391 females. The overall prevalence rate of asthma was 1.19% （687/57 647）. The asthma prevalence rates were 1.09% （418/38 468） and 1.40% （269/19 179） in urban and suburb Beijing respectively and the prevalence rate of asthma in suburb area was significantly higher than that of urban area （X2 = 10. 850, P = 0. 001 ）. The prevalence rates of males and females were 1.06% （296/27 947） and 1/32% （391/29 700） respectively and the prevalence rate of asthma in females was much higher than that of males （ X2 = 8. 098, P = 0. 004 ）. Significant differences existed among different age groups （ X2 = 404. 874, P = O. 000） and residents aged at or over 71 years had the highest prevalence rate. The prevalence rates in urban and suburb Beijing area increased by 1.12 and 2. 26 folds respectively than that of 2002. And 198 asthmatics were first diagnosed in this survey and accounted for 28.8% （198/687）in all asthma diagnosed asthmatics. Conclusions The prevalence rate of asthma in Beijing area among residents aged over 14 years increased greatly from 2010 to 2011, And the epidemiological data may reflect the current distribution status of asthma in Beijing area.

关 键 词：哮喘 流行病学 患病率 北京 

分 类 号：R5[医药卫生—内科学]