工作记忆训练任务对大学生视觉对比敏感度的影响  

Effect of working memory training task on visual contrast sensitivity for college students

作　　者：师海宁[1] 王丽萍 陈宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学教育科学与技术学院,杭州310014 [2]智能信息处理研究所

出　　处：《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》2013年第5期440-442,共3页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science

基　　金：浙江省科技计划项目（2012C21003,2011C21013）;浙江工业大学校级自然科学基金（1201108017408）

摘　　要：目的探究基于Gabor的双重N—back工作记忆训练任务对大学生视觉对比敏感度的影响，为改善对比敏感度提供一种可能的训练方法。方法42名大学生被随机分为工作记忆训练组（13人）、Gabor朝向训I练组（12人）和控制组（17人）。控制组不训练，其余两组进行为期3周，每周5d，每天30min工作记忆训练或Gabor训练。两组视觉刺激物均为固定空间频率和对比度的Gabor视标。训练前和训练后，采用Optec6500对42名大学生进行对比敏感度测试。结果工作记忆训练组，训练后对比敏感度明显高于训练前[分别为（1．87±0．13）个log单位，（1．48±0．26）个log单位]，差异有统计学意义（t=-6．20，P〈0．05）。Gabor朝向训练组训练前后[分别为（1．68±0．30）个log单位，（1．75±0．19）个log单位]和控制组训练前后[分别（1．61±0．26）个log单位，（1．67±0．25）个log单位]对比敏感度提高不显著（P〉0．05）。结论双重N—back工作记忆任务在Gabor朝向训练中对比敏感度提高有促进作用，可作为一种改善对比敏感度的训练方法。Objective To explore the influence on college students＇contrast sensitivity how dual N-back working memory training task based on Gabor, and to provide new training method for improving the contrast sensitivity. Methods 42 college students were randomly divided into three groups： a control group （ 17 students） ; a working memory training group （13 students） ; and a Gabor orientation training group （12 students）. The control group received no training, while the working memory training group and the Gabor orientation training group received N-back working memory training and Gabor training, respectively, over three weeks （5 days a week, approx. half an hour per day）. The above-mentioned two training methods performed with the same visual stimulus,i, e. , the Gabor patch with a fixed spatial frequency and contrast. The contrast sensitivity of the 42 students was measured and recorded using OPTEC6500 before and after training. Results In the working memory training group, a salient gain in contrast sensitivity was observed after the training （ before ： （ 1.48 ± 0.26 ） log, after： （ 1.87 ± 0.13）log）, with a statistically significant difference （ t = -6.20, P 〈 0.05 ）, while both the Gabor orientation training group （before： （1.75 ±0.19 ）log, after： （1.68 ±0.30）log） and the control group （before： （1.67 ± 0.25 ） log, after ： （ 1.61 ± 0.26 ） log） ） showed no statistically significant difference （P 〉 0.05 ） in terms of contrast sensitivity. Conclusion N-back working memory training shows a positive effect on improving contrast sensitivity in Gabor identification training, and can be used as a means to improve contrast sensitivity.

关 键 词：工作记忆训练 视功能 双重N—back 对比敏感度 

分 类 号：B84[哲学宗教—心理学] G[文化科学]