植物根际优良促生菌(PGPR)筛选及其接种剂部分替代化肥对玉米生长影响研究  

Screening of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria strains and effects of inoculant on growth of maize by replacing part of chemical fertilizers

作　　者：荣良燕[1,2] 姚拓[1,2,3] 黄高宝[4] 柴强[4] 刘青海[1] 韩华雯[1] 卢虎[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]草业生态系统教育部重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070 [3]中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃兰州730070 [4]甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州73007

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2013年第2期59-65,共7页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2007BAD89B17;2012BAD14B10);国家自然基金(30960265)

摘　　要：通过测定植物根际促生菌株固氮酶活性、溶磷量、分泌植物生长素、对病原菌的拮抗作用及菌株生长速度,筛选出了5株具有较好促生特性的优良菌株。利用筛选的优良菌株研制复合接种剂,并于2009年和2010年进行田试,测定其部分替代化肥对玉米生长的影响。结果表明:利用筛选的优良促生菌研制的复合微生物接种剂符合《微生物肥料》NY227-94标准。施用接种剂替代20%～30%的化肥,玉米株高、地上植物量、穗长、穗粗、单位面积穗数、穗粒数和经济产量等均有提高。研制的微生物接种剂(菌肥+80%化肥),2010年大田推广使用,玉米增产9.86%,减少化肥投入、增产收入及直接经济效益分别为620.1元.hm-2、2 291.4元.hm-2和2 851.5元.hm-2。Five potential plant growth promoting rhizobacteria（PGPR） strains were screened based on their properties of phosphate dissolving,nitrogenase activity,3-indoleacetic acid（IAA） secreting,antagonism of pathogens and growth rate,and the rhizosphere inoculant was produced by mixing these strains.A field experiment was conducted in 2009 and 2020 to investigate the effects of the inoculant on growth of maize by replacing part of chemical fertilizers.The results showed that the quality of the composite microbial inoculant complied with the standard of Microbiological Fertilizer of China（NY227-94）.By applying the inoculant to replace 20%～30% of chemical fertilizers,the plant height,above-ground biomass,ear length,ear diameter,ear number per unit area, grain number per ear and economic yield of maize were all raised.In the demonstrative fields in 2010,the inoculant treatment（inoculant ＋ 80% fertilizer） could increase maize yield by 9.86%,reduce cost by 620.1 yuan·hm-2,increase income by 2 291.4 yuan·hm-2,and increase direct economic benefit by 2 851.5 yuan·hm-2.

关 键 词：促生菌(PGPR) 接种剂 玉米 植物量 经济产量 

分 类 号：S144[农业科学—肥料学]