控制灌溉条件下种植密度对玉米中地77生长和耗水的影响  

Effects of planting density on plant growth and water consumption of Zhongdi77 maize under controlled irrigation

作　　者：窦超银[1] 于秀琴 于景春 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省水利水电科学研究院,辽宁沈阳110003 [2]建平县灌溉试验站,辽宁建平122405

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2013年第2期141-145,共5页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：水利部科技推广项目(TG1203):辽西北地区农业节水丰产与抗旱减灾实用技术推广;水利部公益性行业科研专项资助项目(201101061):辽西北农业干旱防御与抗旱减灾关键技术研究

摘　　要：以玉米中地77为材料,研究了辽西半干旱区控制灌溉条件下种植密度对玉米生长和耗水的影响。结果表明,随着玉米的生长,株高、茎粗、单株叶面积、穗长、轴重、行粒数、穗粒数和穗粒重随种植密度的增加有减小的趋势,穗粗和穗行数受种植密度的影响较小,但叶面积指数、秃尖、日耗水量、阶段耗水量和全生育期耗水量均随着种植密度的增加而增大,全生育期高密度玉米总耗水量高出低密度28.6%;回归分析表明玉米产量和水分利用效率均随种植密度的增加先增大后减小,综合考虑节水和增粮的目的,在辽西半干旱地区控制灌溉条件下,建议玉米中地77种植密度为6～6.75万株.hm-2。Effects of planting density on plant growth and water consumption were studied with Zhongdi77 maize as the test material under controlled irrigation in the western semi-arid region of Liaoning province.The results showed that the plant height,stem diameter,leaf area per plant,ear length,axle weight,grains per row,grains per ear and grain weight per ear decreased with the increase of plant density;The ear diameter and rows per ear were influenced very little by planting density;The leaf area index,barren ear tip, daily water consumption,water consumption during each growing stage,and total water consumption increased with the increase of plant density;The total water consumption under the highest density was 28.6% more than that under the lowest density.The regression analysis showed that as the plant density increased,the yield and water use efficiency increased at the beginning and then decreased.Therefore,for the purpose of saving water and raising grain yield,the suitable density of Zhongdi77 is 6～6.75×104 plants·hm-2 under controlled irrigation in the western semi-arid region of Liaoning Province.

关 键 词：产量 耗水量 控制灌溉 水分利用效率 叶面积指数 

分 类 号：S513.04[农业科学—作物学] S352.3