不同活化条件下磷矿粉的促释效果与结构特征  

Activated Effects and Structural Characteristics of Phosphate Rock under Different Activating Conditions

作　　者：毛小云[1] 熊金涛[1] 黄雷[1] 廖宗文[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《土壤通报》2013年第3期684-690,共7页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41071162);广东省教育部产学研结合项目(2010B090400351;2011B090400358);广东省农业攻关项目(2010B020311007)资助

摘　　要：采用连续水浸提法、X-射线衍射分析和盆栽肥效试验,研究了不同温度、含水量和活化时间等条件下促释磷矿粉肥的动态释磷特性、结构变化和生物肥效。结果表明:适当提高促释处理温度、增加水分含量、延长处理时间均能明显提高磷矿粉促释活化效率,改善促释磷矿粉肥的品质;在促释处理温度达到100℃,水分含量为50%条件下,可以获得较高的促释活化效果,制成的促释磷矿粉肥具有较高的动态释磷能力和与过磷酸钙相当的肥效。X-射线衍射分析结果表明,促释处理能降低磷矿粉中磷灰石和Ca(H2PO4)2.2H2O的结晶程度,增加CaHPO4.2H2O物相含量,有利于增强其供磷能力。With the combination of continuous water extraction, X-ray diffraction （XRD）analysis and pot experiment, the dynamic release characteristics, structural characteristics and fertilizer effects of promoted-release phosphate rock （PRPr） under different activating conditions were studied. The results showed, to increase the promoted-release treatment temperature and moisture content, prolong the treatment time were beneficial to maximize activated efficiency of phosphate rock and improve the quality of promoted-release phosphate rock. The promoted-release phosphate rocks （PRPr） achieved a higher activated efficiency when the temperature reached 100℃ and moisture content was 50%, and had a higher dynamic phosphorus capability and the same fertilizer effect as super phosphate. The results of X-ray diffraction （XRD）analysis showed the promoted-release treatment decreased the crystallinity of apatite crystal and Ca（HEPO4）2·2H2O, but increased phase contents of CaHPO4·2H2O in phosphate rock, and strengthened capacity of phosphorus supply of phosphate rock.

关 键 词：磷矿粉 促释 活化条件 晶体结构 

分 类 号：S143.2[农业科学—肥料学] TQ442.51[农业科学—农业基础科学]