放射防护最优化对数字X射线摄影中受检者辐射剂量降低的价值  

Optimization of radiological protection of patients undergoing digital radiography

作　　者：张梦龙[1] 段玉婷[2] 许玉军[1] 兰迪[3] 张良安[4] 

机构地区：[1]山东省医学影像学研究所,济南250021 [2]聊城市人民医院 [3]青岛市立医院 [4]中国医学科学院放射医学研究所

出　　处：《中华放射医学与防护杂志》2013年第2期183-186,共4页Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection

摘　　要：目的 通过评价辐射防护最优化前后患者剂量和废弃影像的差异,探讨在应用数字X射线摄影（DR）系统进行日常摄影中实施最优化的必要性.方法 200名近标准体格患者纳入研究,制定DR摄影防护最优化程序,100例执行最优化前方案摄影,100例执行最优化方案摄影.测量最优化前后患者剂量-面积乘积（DAP）和体表入射剂量（ESD）.同时统计最优化前后各2个月内的废弃影像,并按废弃原因分类.比较最优化前后患者辐射剂量和影像废弃率的差异.结果 最优化后的ESD和DAP显著低于最优化前（z=9.31、16.22,P＜0.05）,影像废弃率明显低于最优化前（x2=36.5,P＜0.05）.结论 使用最优化程序的DR摄影可以有效降低患者辐射剂量并减小影像废弃率.Objective To identify the necessity to carry out optimization procedure in routine digital radiography （DR） by evaluating changes of patient radiation dose and image waste ratio before and after optimization. Methods Two hundred patients with near-standard body build were enrolled in the study. Half of them undertook routine examination, and the others undertook the examination with hestly- optimized protocol. The dose-area product （DAP） and entrance surface dose （ESD） were recorded. The image waste ratios in 2 groups were calculated and the reasons for image waste were analyzed. The radiation dose and image waste ratio before and after optimization were compared. Results The ESD, DAP and image waste ratio in hestly-optimized radiography were significantly lower than those in non-optimized radiography （z=9,31, 16.22, P 〈0.05; X2 =36.5, P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion Using the bestly- optimized digital radiography, the patient radiation dose and image waste ratio are effectively reduced.

关 键 词：最优化 数字摄影 剂量 质量控制 曝光指数 

分 类 号：R142[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]