医务工作者中耳鸣的性别差异  

Study on gender difference of tinnitus in medical staff

作　　者：黎志成[1] 戚敏[1] 曾祥丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学附属第三医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,广州510630

出　　处：《临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志》2013年第10期465-467,472,共4页Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head And Neck Surgery

摘　　要：目的:探讨医务人员中耳鸣的发生率及严重程度是否存在性别差异。方法:参考刘蓬等提出的耳鸣严重程度评分方法设计耳鸣调查问卷,向广州市8所不同医院的医务人员发放。问卷回收整理后,数据利用SPSS17.0进行统计分析。结果:①整体耳鸣发生率为43.22%,在性别层面及岗位层面均存在统计学意义(均P<0.05),女性发病率高于男性,护士发病率大于医生和技师。②持续性耳鸣的发生率在性别层面差异无统计学意义,在岗位层面差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。③耳鸣的严重程度评分在性别层面及岗位层面均差异无统计学意义。④各评分子项间存在极显著的统计学差异(P<0.01),"出现环境"的平均分高于"对睡眠的影响"、"对生活(工作)的影响"、"对情绪的影响"。结论:①医务人员中的耳鸣发生率存在性别差异,工作中付出-回馈的失衡可能是其关键因素。②提高患者的耳鸣认知水平及心理韧性有助于缓解耳鸣带来的心理损伤。Objective：To investigate whether there is gender difference in the incidence and severity of tinnitus in medical staff（including doctors,nurses,and technicians）.Method：A total of 354 people（all are medial stuff from hospitals in Guangzhou） were invited to be involved in the investigation and granted a self-reported questionnaire of tinnitus（designed by the authors;based on the scoring method of severity of tinnitus（Liu et al.,）.Statistical analysis on the data was performed using SPSS Statistics 17.0.Result：①The incidence of tinnitus of the sample was 43.22%,with that in female higher than in male（P〈0.05）,and that in nurses higher than in doctors or technicians（P〈0.01）.②The effect of working position factor on the incidence of prolonged tinnitus was significant（P〈0.01）.However,no statistically significant gender difference was detected in the incidence of prolonged tinnitus.③There was no statistically significant difference of tinnitus severity scores between different genders or among different positions（P〉0.05）.④There was statistically significant difference among the four sub-items of the questionnaire（P〈0.01）,with the mean score of ＂occurred environment＂ higher than ＂the impact on sleeping＂,＂the impact on everyday life＂,and ＂the impact on emotion＂.Conclusion：①The effort-reward imbalance might be the key factor of the gender difference in the incidence of tinnitus.②For patients of tinnitus,improving the knowledge about their symptoms as well as levels of psychological resilience would be helpful to relieve the mental impairment of tinnitus.

关 键 词：耳鸣 性别差异 付出-回馈工作压力 心理韧性 

分 类 号：R764.45[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]