水稻“3414”施肥效果及推荐肥料用量研究  

Study on Fertilizing Effect and Recommended Fertilizer Dose of Rice by “3414” Experiments

作　　者：文建平 叶祥盛[2] 

机构地区：[1]江西省吉安市农业局,江西吉安343000 [2]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2013年第9期2010-2015,共6页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201003016)

摘　　要：为研究氮、磷、钾肥对水稻(Oryza sativa L.)产量和经济效益的影响,从2008-2010年在江西省吉安市连续3年开展了水稻"3414"肥料效应试验研究。结果表明,早稻施氮最高增产58.1%,最高纯增收入5 042元/hm2,晚稻施氮最高增产39.9%,最高纯增收入3 750元/hm2;早稻施磷最高增产8.3%,最高纯增收入800元/hm2,晚稻施磷最高增产5.0%,纯增收入373元/hm2;早稻施钾最高增产19.9%,最高纯增收入1 568元/hm2,晚稻施钾最高增产3.3%,纯增收入为负值。早稻施用氮肥效应显著高于钾肥,钾肥高于磷肥;晚稻施用氮肥效应显著高于磷肥,磷肥高于钾肥。通过肥效模型拟合,提出试验区域早稻最高产量氮(N)、磷(P2O5)和钾(K2O)的施肥量分别为173、68和235 kg/hm2,最佳经济产量施肥量分别为162、56和175 kg/hm2;晚稻N、P2O5和K2O的最高产量施肥量分别为183、77和116 kg/hm2,最佳经济产量施肥量分别为166、48和29 kg/hm2。In order to study the effect of N, P and K fertilizers on rice （Oryza sativa L.） yield and its economic benefits, ＂3414＂ fertilizer experiments were conducted in rice field in 2008-2010 in Ji＇an city, Jiangxi province. The results showed that application of N fertilizer increased yield by 58.1% and improved net economic benefit by 5 042 yuan/hm2 for early rice, 39.9% and 3 750 yuan/hm2 for late flee, respectively. The relevant benefit of applying P fertilizer were 8.3% and 800 yuan/hm2 for early flee, and 5.0% and 373 yuan/hm2 for late rice. Application of K fertilizer increased the yield of early rice by 19.9% and net economic benefit by 1 568 yuan/hm2; increased the yield of late rice by 3.3%, while the net economic benefit was negative. The efficiency of applying N on early rice was significantly higher than K fertilizer, which was higher than P fertilizer. The fertilizer effect for late rice ranked as N, P, K. The recommended application dose of N, P205 and K20 for the highest yield of early rice was 173, 68 and 235 kg/hm2, respectively; while the optimal economic application dose of N, P205 and K20 were 162, 56 and 175 kg/hm2, respectively. For late flee, the recommended application dose of N, P2Os and K20 for the highest yield was 183, 77 and 116 kg/hm2, respectively; and for the optimal economical benefits was 166, 48 and 29 ka/hm2. respectively.

关 键 词：水稻(Oryza SATIVA L ) “3414”肥效试验 施肥效果 推荐施肥量 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]