检疫性轮枝菌及其近似种的鉴定  

Distinction of Verticillium dahliae and V.albo-atrum from other allied species

作　　者：段维军[1] 郭立新[1] 张祥林[2] 夏侯阳[3] 张慧丽[1] 陈先锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波出入境检验检疫局,宁波315012 [2]新疆出入境检验检疫局,乌鲁木齐830063 [3]宁波大学,宁波315212

出　　处：《植物病理学报》2013年第3期274-285,277-285,共12页Acta Phytopathologica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2012BAK11B02);质检公益性行业科研专项(201010256);国家质检总局科研项目(2011IK169);浙江省重点科技创新团队项目(2010R50028);宁波市社会发展科研项目(2012C50041)

摘　　要：大丽轮枝菌(Verticillium dahliae)和黑白轮枝菌(V.albo-atrum)在世界范围内引起多种作物的黄萎病,属于我国重要进境植物检疫对象。本研究对采自我国部分地区和CBS保存的多种植物病原性轮枝菌,包括黑白轮枝菌、大丽轮枝菌及其变种大丽轮枝菌长孢变种(V.dahliae var.longisporum)、三体轮枝菌(V.tricorpus)、变黑轮枝菌(V.nigrescens)和云状轮枝菌(V.nubilum),采用生物学特性观察,结合rDNA-ITS序列分析的方法,进行了比较和分析。结果表明:不同种类轮枝菌在休眠结构形态上具有一定差异,部分菌株不产生任何休眠结构。各供试菌株在15～25℃范围内均可生长,但黑白轮枝菌在30℃下生长受到强烈抑制,而其他菌株受影响较小。对供试菌株rDNA-ITS序列分析结果表明植物病原性轮枝菌可聚为9个分支,包括三体轮枝菌、变黑轮枝菌、云状轮枝菌、V.theobromae、大丽轮枝菌、大丽轮枝菌长孢变种和3个不同的黑白轮枝菌分支,黑白轮枝菌、大丽轮枝菌及其长孢变种亲缘关系较近。采用生物学性状结合rDNA-ITS序列分析能够更加有效地将两种检疫性轮枝菌从其他植物病原性轮枝菌中区分出来。The fungal genus Verticillium contains two well-studied species of widespread and common soilborne plant pathogens, V. dahliae and V. albo-atrum. Those two species are also listed as the quarantine pests of im- ported plants in China. Diverse isolates of the plant pathogenic Verticillium spp, including V. albo-atrum, V. dahliae, V. dahliae var. longisporum, V. tricorpus, V. nigrescens and V. nubilum collected from China and CBS, were studied by biology and rDNA-ITS analysis to differentiate the quarantine Verticillium spp. from others. Results showed that although there are distinct resting structures among different Verticillium spp. , some isolates have lost the ability to produce the resting structure. In the temperature test, all the V. albo-atrum did not grow at 30℃, while others Verticillium spp. grew well under 30℃. The rDNA-ITS fragments were sequenced from isolates of the five species of Verticillium. The sequences ranged from 539 to 559 bp in length. Analysis of these sequences with the related sequences deposited in the NCBI database showed the six investiga- ted Verticillium species clustered into nine clades. V. albo-atrum, V. dahliae and V. dahliae var. longisporum were phylogenetically close. This study suggests that combination of the biological characteristics and the rDNA- ITS sequence analysis can be used to differentiate the quarantine Verticillium spp. from others species of Verticil- lium.

关 键 词：大丽轮枝菌 黑白轮枝菌 生物学特性 分子鉴定 

分 类 号：S435.621.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]