中国某县有偿献血员艾滋病病毒感染流行病学研究  

The epidemiological study of HIV infection among paid blood donors in one county of China

作　　者：郑锡文[1] 王哲[2] 徐杰[1] 黄石[1] 王春俭[2] 李自钊[2] 王岚[1] 张桂云 高明[1] 李宏[2] 曲书泉[1] 崔卫国[2] 李晓光 魏卫 

机构地区：[1]卫生部艾滋病预防与控制中心,北京100050 [2]河南省卫生防疫站 [3]信阳市卫生防疫站

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2000年第4期253-255,共3页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

摘　　要：目的　了解中国有偿献血员HIV感染率及其流行因素。方法　对中国中部某县两个村 18～ 5 0岁村民进行HIV感染率调查 ,并进行定群研究。结果　 1997年调查了 96 3人 ,发现HIV抗体阳性者 17例 ,HIV感染率为 1.8%。其中有偿献血员 88人 ,15例为HIV抗体阳性 ,HIV感染率为 17.0 % ,显著高于非献血人群 ( 0 .2 % )。 1998年和 2 0 0 0年进行了随访 ,其中HIV抗体阴性人群6 6 8人 ,共随访 1742人年 ,仅 1例出现HIV抗体阳转 ,发病率为每百人年 0 .0 6。阳性人群和阴性人群均有一半人群有肌注史。 13例HIV感染者配偶随访尚未发现HIV抗体阳转者。HIV感染者CD4 细胞计数逐年下降 ,对 5例HIV感染者进行了基因序列分析 ,全部为HIV 1B′亚型毒株 ,基因离散率平均为 2 .4%。结论　中国局部地区有偿献血员中有较高的HIV感染率 ,献血 (浆 )是其感染HIV的主要危险因素 ,在 3年观察期间该地区有偿献血员HIV感染率没有进一步发展 。Objective To observe the prevalence of HIV infection among paid blood donors and risk factors. Methods Selected the residents between 18 to 50 years old from two villages in one county of China in 1997. We observed the prevalence of HIV infection and keep following them to 2000. Results Nine hundred sixtythree residents were investigated and the prevalence of HIV was 1.8 %(17/963).There were 88 paid blood donors among 963 interviewed subjects, the HIV prevalence was significantly higher ( 17.0 % or 15/88) than those who didn't have the experiences of paid blood donations ( 0.2 % or 2/875). Only one person out of 668 who were followed from 1997 to 2000 has converted to seropositive, the incidence of HIV infection is 0.06 per 100 personyears. Nearly half of seronegative and seropositive people have the experiences of muscle injection. Among those with HIVpositive spouse, we found no one converted to seropositive. The CD 4 count of those seropositive people declined every year. HIV subtype and C2V3 region sequence analysis were made for five HIVpositive people in 1998, the result indicated that all of them were infected with HIV1 subtype B′ and the genetic divergence rate was 2.4 %. Conclusion There was a high prevalence of HIV among paid blood donors in some regions, and paid blood (plasma) donations were the main risk factor for HIV infection. Although no evidence suggests that during the followup period the epidemic of HIV infection has spread locally, it still shall take measurements to prevent further transmission of HIV through paid blood donors.

关 键 词：艾滋病病毒 有偿献血 定群研究 流行病学 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]