三峡库区次级河流梁滩河重金属污染特征分析及风险评价  

Characteristic analysis and risk assessment of heavy metal pollution in Liangtan river,a tributary of Three Gorges Reservoir area

作　　者：高俊敏[1] 张科[1] 周彬[1] 金芬[2] 郭劲松[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400045 [2]中国农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所农产品质量与食物安全重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《重庆大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第5期86-93,共8页Journal of Chongqing University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(21107147);中央高校基本科研业务费(CDJZR10 21 00 10)

摘　　要：于2010年12月在梁滩河中上游采集地表水样,分别用原子吸收法(AAS)和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定水样中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Ni、Fe、Mn和Mg 8种金属元素的含量,分析了8种重金属的污染特征,对其可能引起的健康风险进行了评价。结果表明:梁滩河水体中重金属元素的含量因采样断面的不同而相差悬殊,Ni、Pb、Fe和Mn 4种金属元素的平均质量浓度均远高于GB3838—2002Ⅲ类功能区的浓度限值,断面超标率分别为100%、87.5%、50%和43.75%。空间分布和相关性分析显示梁滩河水中的Fe和Mn可能具有相同的污染源。健康风险评价结果表明,Pb是梁滩河水中引起人体特别是孩子非致癌风险的最重要的污染物,其次是Cr,然后分别是Mn、Ni、Cu、Fe和Zn。Surface water samples are collected throughout the upstream Liangtan River in December, 2010. The concentrations of Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb, Cr and Fe, Mn, Mg are determined using atomic absorption spectrometry （AAS） and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry （ICP-AES） respectively for the contamination characteristics analysis and preliminary risk assessment. The results demonstrate that concentrations of 8 heavy metals show significant differences in different sampling sections of the river. The average concentration of Ni, Pb, Fe and Mn are much higher than the limits value of GB 3838--2002 III functional area and their section of over standard are 100%, 87. 5%, 50% and 43. 75%, respectively. Spatial distribution and correlation analysis reveal that Fe and Mn in river may have the same pollution sources. Preliminary health risk assessment results indicate that Pb is the most important pollutant leading to non-carcinogenic concerns in particular for children, and the next is Cr. Mn, Ni, Cu, Fe and Zn in sequence.

关 键 词：重金属 空间分布 风险评价 梁滩河 特征分析 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TH814[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]