“信念”与“知识”辨析——从“盖梯尔问题”谈起  

An Analysis of “Belief”and “Knowledge”:Starting from “the Gettier Problem”

作　　者：陈晓平[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学公共管理学院,广州510006

出　　处：《重庆理工大学学报（社会科学）》2013年第5期5-10,共6页Journal of Chongqing University of Technology（Social Science）

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目项目(10BZX020);广东省社会科学规划项目(09C-01);广东省高校人文社科基地重大项目(10JDXM72001)

摘　　要：盖梯尔问题使传统知识定义JTB陷入困境。尽管围绕盖梯尔问题及其解决众说纷纭,但在一点上学界基本达成共识,即:知识不等于信念,但却是一种特殊的信念。从"信念"和"知识"的概念分析入手,澄清二者之间的区别和联系,将知识范围从经验知识扩大到道德知识和宗教知识,从而勾勒出知识大厦的基本轮廓。在这一"知识—信念"构架中,知识不同于信念的根本特征在于其通过辩护而具有公共性,从而间接地表明沿着语境主义进路提出知识定义是恰当的。The traditional definition of knowledge,i.e.,JTB,is confronted with numerous difficulties since the Gettier problem was posed.Although the opinions about the Gettier problem are widely divided,they come to a common understanding at the point that knowledge is not equal to belief but a special kind of belief.This paper proceeded from an analysis of concepts of ＇belief＇ and ＇knowledge＇,and clarified the difference and relation between them.Moreover,it extended the scope of knowledge from experiential knowledge to morality and religion,and draw the outline of knowledge building.In this frame of knowledge-belief,the basic character that makes knowledge different from belief is the publicity obtained by justification,which indirectly indicates that the definition of knowledge along contextualist approach is right.

关 键 词：盖梯尔问题 知识分析 信念 信任 信仰 

分 类 号：B81[哲学宗教—逻辑学]