新型聚酰胺胺树形分子的合成及表征  

Synthesis and characterization of new type of polyamidoamine dendrimer

作　　者：吴江渝[1] 徐美英[1] 黄维哲[1] 何紫莹[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学材料科学与工程学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《武汉工程大学学报》2013年第5期47-51,共5页Journal of Wuhan Institute of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.51003081)

摘　　要：聚酰胺胺(Polyamidoamine,PAMAM)树形分子因其具有独特的结构特点,尤其是分子内部的空腔以及大量的表面官能团,在分子识别试剂、催化剂以及生物医用材料等领域有着广泛的应用.树形分子的柔顺性对其在基因转染和药物输送领域的应用有明显影响,而通过增大树形分子的核结构可以有效提高树形分子的柔顺性.通过过量的乙二胺与丙烯酸甲酯反应制备比乙二胺具有更长结构的化合物.以此化合物为核,通过重复的迈克尔加成和酰胺化反应合成1代到4代聚酰胺胺树形分子.运用柱层析分离的方法和乙醚沉降法对产物进行分离提纯,并通过红外光谱和核磁波谱氢谱对其结构进行表征.红外表征结果证实了每步反应的有效性,而核磁谱图表明合成了带有羰基基团的核单元,并在此基础上制得了目标聚酰胺胺树形分子.该系列产物不但具有聚酰胺胺树形分子的结构特点,而且其内部核单元变大并带有酰胺基团.这种核单元在一定程度上增大了树形分子的柔顺性并改变了核结构的亲水性,有望为树形分子在基因转染和药物输送方面的应用研究提供新的方案.Polyamidoamine （PAMAM） dendrimers are used in molecular recognition agents, catalysts, and biomedical materials for their unique structural features, such as the cavities inside the molecule and a large number of functional groups on the surface. The flexibility of dendrimer molecules exhibits obvious effect on gene transfer and drug delivery. The increase of the core size of the dendrimer efficiently improves its flexibility. By reaction of methyl acrylate with excess ethylenediamine, a compound was synthesized, which has longer molecular structure than ethylenediamine, and the related G1-G4 PAMAM dendrimers were prepared using the compound, through iterative Michael addition and amidation reaction. The products were purified using column chromatography and ether-involved sedimentation, and characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR） and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra（1 H NMR） spectra. The FT-IR results validate the synthetic procedure, and the 1 H NMR spectra confirms the structure of desired core unit and the PAMAM dendrimers. These synthetic compounds not only possess the structural properties of traditional PAMAM dendrimer, but also have a lager core unit with an amide group. This kind of desired core unit increases the flexibility of dendrimer molecule and improves the hydrophilicity of the core section, and may provide reference to dendrimer on gene transfer and drug delivery.

关 键 词：聚酰胺胺树形分子 丙烯酸甲酯 乙二胺 

分 类 号：O633.4[理学—高分子化学]