空间相机调焦机构误差分析  

Error analysis for focusing mechanism of space camera

作　　者：陈洪达[1,2] 陈永和[1] 史婷婷[1] 郑庚[1] 刘晓华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海技术物理研究所,上海200083 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《光学精密工程》2013年第5期1349-1356,共8页Optics and Precision Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.40776100)

摘　　要：空间高分辨率遥感仪器的发射过程和在轨复杂的温度环境条件会使其光学焦平面发生偏离,从而影响相机的成像质量。为补偿相机焦平面位置的变化,本文根据高分辨红外相机的在轨应用环境以及光学设计要求,对相机的调焦机构进行了方案设计和误差分析。计算了结构误差对系统精度的影响,对不同类型结构的精度进行了归类,并利用齐次坐标变换矩阵建立了误差分析模型。同时,详细分析了误差源的特性、概率分布和变换矩阵参量间的关系。利用MonteCarlo法进行了仿真,结果表明该机构设计合理,满足仪器的使用要求。样机测试表明,该机构行程内轴向位置误差为(-0.01±0.003 6)mm,透镜最大倾斜角为25″,最大离轴量为0.005mm。目前,该机构已成功在轨使用。The position of optical focal plane for a space remote sensing instrument will be changed in severe launching process and complex working thermal environments,which effects the imaging quality of the remote sensing instrument seriously.To compensate the displacement of the optical focal plane and to ensure good imaging quality consequently,this paper illustrated the design scheme for a focusing mechanism and analyzed its error sources aiming to the working environments and accuracy demands for an infrared camera.The effect of structure error on the system accuracy was analyzed and the precisions of different structures were classified.An error analysis model was established based on homogeneous transformation matrixes which described the relation between topology structure and coordinate transformation.In addition,the characteristics and distribution of error sources were analyzed in detail,and the relationship between matrix parameters was discussed.The results of numerical calculation by Monte Carlo method demonstrate that the design mechanism is reasonable and satisfies remote sensing requirements.The measurements show that the axial position accuracy of focusing mechanism is（-0.01±0.003 6） mm with a tilt less than 25″and a displacement of 0.005 mm through travel distance.The focusing mechanism has been implemented in the space flight.

关 键 词：空间遥感 空间相机 调焦机构 误差分析 误差建模 MONTE Carlo法 

分 类 号：V443.5[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计] TH703[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]