冷板冷藏汽车箱体内温度场的数值模拟及试验  

Numerical simulation and experiment of temperature field distribution in box of cold plate refrigerated truck

作　　者：张哲[1] 郭永刚[1] 田津津[1] 李曼[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津商业大学天津市制冷技术重点实验室,天津300134

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2013年第A01期18-24,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：教育部科学技术研究重点项目(212007);天津市高等学校科技发展基金计划项目(20100420)

摘　　要：冷板冷藏汽车内空气的温度分布对其储运能力有很大影响,均匀的温度场使得货物在运输过程中品质得到有效保证。该文采用数值模拟方法,计算空载车箱内部温度场,并分析不同堆码方式对货物区温度场及流场的影响。通过对不同情况下冷板冷藏汽车箱体内的温度场特性进行数值模拟研究,得出了车箱内温度分布规律及其影响因素,可为其结构的优化改造及运输货物堆放方式合理性的验证提供理论依据。模拟研究发现车箱顶部温度相对较高,在该模型中货物区最高温差达到18℃左右,不利于货物贮运,建议顶部安装适量冷板并寻找合适的送风方式加强冷空气与货物的对流换热,以改善冷板冷藏汽车冷却速度慢的缺点。验证试验实测温度与模拟温度的偏差在1.7℃左右,两者偏差不大,说明所建立的模型适用于冷板冷藏车箱体内温度场的模拟。Refrigerated transportation is an important for the cold chain of subsidiary agricultural products. As resource shortage becoming more serious and environmental disciplines more strict, an environmentally protecting and energy-saving cold plate refrigerated truck, which is also multi-functional in heat preservation and refrigeration, is urgently needed by refrigerated transportation. Cold plate refrigerated truck is rapidly expanding in recent years. Due to the outside thermal environment, the temperature of cargo area has a steady increase and uneven distribution, which has a negative influence on the quality of refrigerated cargoes. Therefore, ensuring a uniform temperature field distribution of cargo area is the critical issue to improve the quality of transported cargoes. The temperature distribution of cold plate refrigerated truck is one of the key factors affecting its storage and transportation quality. A uniform temperature field can keep goods fresh during transportation. Computational fluid dynamics （CFD） is more and more widely used in refrigeration at present, and many studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of CFD in simulation analysis for the heat transfer field. Buoyancy lift is the volume force caused by non-uniform faces in each part of the fluid’s density. The heat exchange of cold plate can be deemed as the natural heat exchange in a vast space that owns an internal heat source. In this paper, the interior temperature field of an empty container was calculated by means of numerical modeling and the effect of two stacking ways on temperature field and flow field in cargo area was also analyzed. k-ε model and simple algorithm combined with Boussinesq assumption was used to simulate the three-dimension temperature distribution in cold plat refrigerated truck. In order to know the effect of different stack methods on temperature field and flow field in cargo area, stack methods were divided into two ways including close stacking and intermediated stacking in this paper. To better displ

关 键 词：冷藏汽车 数值方法 温度分布 冷板 堆放方式 

分 类 号：U492.336.4[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]