养老院老年人身体活动能力与跌倒的相关性研究  

Relationship between physical performance tests and falls among elderly people in nursing home

作　　者：李沙沙[1] 郭琪[2] 牛凯军[1] 常红[2] 张楠楠[1] 章稳[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学公共卫生学院,天津300070 [2]天津医科大学康复与运动医学系,天津300070

出　　处：《天津医科大学学报》2013年第3期234-237,共4页Journal of Tianjin Medical University

基　　金：日本文部科学省青年基金项目B(21700522)

摘　　要：目的:研究老年人多方面身体活动能力与跌倒的相关性,为评估老年人的跌倒风险提供一定的理论依据。方法:对171名65岁以上老年人通过握力、闭眼单脚站立、起立-行走计时测试(TUGT)和6 min行走试验(6MWD)对各方面身体活动能力进行测定,对老年人近一年来跌倒情况、体力活动水平情况进行问卷调查。结果:被调查人群老年人跌倒的发生率为31.0%,在跌倒与未跌倒人群中,未发现二者之间存在年龄、身高、体质量的统计学差异。跌倒人群闭眼单脚站立时间和6MWD低于未跌倒人群,TUGT高于未跌倒人群,均有统计学差异(P<0.05),但两者之间握力无显著差异。女性低体力活动水平与跌倒发生有关。Logistic回归分析结果显示,闭眼单脚站立时间、TUGT、6MWD和体力活动水平与老年人跌倒发生有关。结论:老年人身体平衡能力下降、肌肉耐力和行走能力减退可能会导致老年人跌倒发生率增加,临床上可以采用TUGT、6MWD和闭眼单脚站立来评估老年人的跌倒风险。Objective： To evaluate the relationship of multiaspect physical performance and falls in elderly people,and evaluate the fall risk for elderly people. Methods： In 171 over 65 years elderly people multiaspect physical performance abilities were estimated by mea- surement of handgrip strength, one foot stand with eyes closed, timed up and go test（TUGT） and 6-minute walk test （6MWD）. The level of physical activity and self reported falls during the preceding 12 months were evaluated using a questionnaire. Results： The incidence of falls was 31.0%. In univariate analysis, age, height and weight were not significantly different between elderly people who did and did not fall. The one foot stand with eyes closed time and 6MWD in elders who fell were significantly lower than those in elders who did not fall.TUGT in people who fall was longer than that in people who did not （P〈0.05）, handgrip was not significantly different between elderly people who did and did not fall. The lower physical activity level was associated with falls in women.Logistic regression analysis showed that one foot stand with eyes closed time, TUGT, 6MWD and physical activity level were significantly associated with falls. Conclusion： The poor balance,muscles endurance function and walking ability reduction may increase the incidence of falls among in elderly people.TUGT, 6MWD, and one foot stand with eyes closed can be used in clinic in order to evaluate the fall risk for elderly people.

关 键 词：身体活动能力 跌倒 老年人 

分 类 号：R592[医药卫生—老年医学]