湖沼地区、山丘地区血吸虫病传染源感染现状调查  

Infection status of sources of schistosomiasis japonica in marshland and hilly regions

作　　者：刘效萍[1] 汪天平[2] 汪奇志[2] 尹晓梅[2] 周莉[2] 汪峰峰[2] 王玥[2] 方国仁[2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学基础医学院,安徽合肥230061 [2]安徽省血吸虫病防治研究所

出　　处：《中国病原生物学杂志》2013年第5期445-447,410,共4页Journal of Pathogen Biology

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金项目(No.11040606M184)

摘　　要：目的了解安徽省两种不同流行区(湖区、山区)血吸虫病传染源种类及其在血吸虫病传播中的作用。方法以安徽省安庆市山口镇村(湖区)、石台县杜村(山区)为调查点,对调查点开展人畜及野生动物病原学查病。计算感染率、感染度及潜在传播指数。结果安庆市山口镇村日本血吸虫病感染终宿主主要为人和牛,人的感染率为2.81%,病人EPG算术均数为31.16,人群平均EPG为0.54,EPD为3867;牛的感染率为27.27%,病牛EPG算术均数为11.67,牛平均EPG为2.97,EPD为178182。牛排出的虫卵数占当地日排虫卵数的97.88%,人仅为2.12%。石台县杜村感染血吸虫的终宿主有人、犬及野鼠,其中人的感染率为1.25%,病人EPG算术均数为25.78,人群EPG均值为0.26,EPD为1007;犬感染率为7.69%,病犬EPG算术均数为1.53,犬平均EPG值为0.09,EPD为45;野鼠的感染率为12.24%,病鼠EPG算术均数为1697.00,鼠平均EPG值为65.14,EPD为315154。野鼠排出的虫卵数占当地日排虫卵数的99.67%,人占0.32%,犬仅占0.01%。结论湖沼地区牛仍然是主要传染源,而山丘地区随着牛的淘汰及猪的圈养,野鼠和犬将成为当地主要动物传染源。Objective To ascertain infectious species of Schistosoma japonica and their contributions to schistosomiasis transmission in two different endemic areas （marshlands and hills）. Methods The Village of Du in Shitai County （hilly region） and the Village of Shankouzhen in the City of Anqing （area of lakes and marshlands） were selected as field investigation sites. Stool samples were collected from both humans and domestic animals and examined using parasitological methods （Kato-Katz technique and hatching test）. Wild animals were caught and necropsied and the hatching test was performed. Rates of infection, intensity of infection （expressed as eggs per gram, or EPG）, and the number of eggs excreted per day （EPD） were calculated for individual infectious species. Results The major sources of schistosomiasis japonica were cattle and humans in the Village of Shankouzhen. The rate of infection was 2.81% and the intensity of human infection was 0.54. The rate of infection was 27.27% and the intensity of bovine infection was 2.97. Cattle had an EPD of 178 182, which accounted for 97.88% of total EPD of all sources of infection, and humans had an EPD of 3 867, accounting for 2.12% of total EPD. Humans, dogs, and wild mice were main sources of schistosomiasis japonica in the Village of Du. The rate of infection in humans was 1.25%, the rate in dogs was 7.69%, and the rate in wild mice was 12.24%. The intensity of infection was 0.26 in humans, 0.09 in dogs, and 65.14 in wild mice. Humans had an EPD of 1 007, dogs had one of 45, and wild mice had one of 315 154. Wild mice accounted for 99.67% of total EPD of all sources of infection, humans accounted for 0.32% of total EPD, the dogs accounted for just 0.01% of total EPD. Conclusion Cattle is still the main source of infection in areas with lakes and marshlands where schistosomiasis is endemic. Since cattle are less prevalent and bred pigs, dogs, and wild mice are more prevalent in hilly areas, they are becoming the main reservoir hosts of schistosomiasi

关 键 词：传染源 湖沼地区 山丘地区 血吸虫病 日本 

分 类 号：R532.21[医药卫生—内科学]