Characterization of Soil Clay Minerals of the River Nile Sediments, Sohag Region, Egypt： Decomposition of X-Ray Diffraction Patterns  

作　　者：Abdelhamid Elshater 

机构地区：[1]Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt

出　　处：《Journal of Earth Science and Engineering》2013年第1期1-13,共13页地球科学与工程（英文版）

摘　　要：Up till now all the clay mineral studies on the soils of the River Nile flood plain in Egypt could not trace the very rapid mineral change observed in these soils. So, the clay mineralogy of the River Nile flood plain soils in Sohag region, Egypt, has been studied using the method of numerical analysis of X-ray diffraction recordings （curve decomposition） as a new, powerful tool for precise mineral identification. The X-ray patterns of the studied soil clay fraction show that 2：1 clay minerals are much more abundant than kaolinite and that this clay fraction contains fair amounts of K-feldspar and quartz. XRD pattems obtained on the 〈 2 μm fraction of the River Nile sediments indicate the presence of smectite, mixed-layer illite-expanding minerals, kaolinite, mica-illite and chlorite. The decomposed XRD patterns reveal significant changes in the mineralogy of the clays. The major clay phases present in the 4-11 20 range are well crystallized illite （10 A）, poorly crystallized illite （10.2-10.4 A）, two mixed-layer I-S （illite/smectite） minerals, one with a peak near 13.5 A （rich-smectite） and the other near 11 A （rich-illite）.

关 键 词：Clay minerals SOIL River Nile ILLITE SMECTITE mixed-layers. 

分 类 号：P736.41[天文地球—海洋地质] O614.612[天文地球—海洋科学]