矿区农田土壤小麦体系中重金属污染特征研究  

Investigation on Heavy Metal Contamination of Farmland Soil and Wheat(Triticum Aestivum) nearby Mining Areas

作　　者：孙清斌[1,2] 尹春芹[1] 邓金锋[1] 张丽[3] 

机构地区：[1]土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室中国科学院南京土壤研究所,江苏南京210008 [2]湖北理工学院环境科学与工程学院,湖北黄石435003 [3]苏州科技学院环境科学与工程学院,江苏苏州215011

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2013年第4期80-84,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室开放基金项目(0812201225);湖北省教育厅科学技术研究计划优秀中青年人才项目(Q20093001);湖北省教育厅科学技术研究计划指导性项目(B20093003);湖北理工学院院级引进人才项目(10yjz04R)

摘　　要：以湖北省大冶典型铜矿区为中心,辐射周边农田,探索农田土壤重金属污染特征及重金属在小麦中的积累变化规律。结果表明,单因子污染指数评价显示,土壤受到重金属不同程度的污染;无论以背景值还是国家二级标准评价,Cd均严重超标。采用国家二级标准评价时,Zn、Pb和Cr未对土壤造成污染;进行内梅罗综合污染指数法评价,发现以土壤背景值为评价标准,各采样点均达到重度污染水平;以国家二级标准评价3、7号采样点土壤属于中度污染水平,而其他采样点土壤属于轻度污染水平。本调查所采的小麦样品各部位重金属含量范围变化幅度较大。除Pb之外其他6种重金属含量分布规律均为根>叶>穗≈茎,Pb含量则是叶>根>穗>茎。小麦穗中Pb、Cd、Zn、Cu的含量均超标,Cd、Pb超标倍数远大于Cu、Zn。富集系数变化规律是:Cd>Zn>Cu≈Ni>Co≈Mn>Pb。Investigation was conducted to evaluate the heavy metal contamination of farmland soil and wheat （Triticurn Aestivum） around typical copper mining areas in Daye city. The results showed that the soils were contaminated with different heavy metals compared with soil natural background values of Hubei province and China national standard （CNS）, and among them cadmi- um （Cd） contaminated level was most serious. While using CNS as an evaluation standard, the soils were contaminated with heavy metals except for zinc （Zn）, chromium （Cr） and lead （Pb）. Nemorow integrative index method was further employed to evaluate the heavy metal contamina tion level,and the result showed that all the tested soils were severely contaminated based on soil natural background values. In addition,all of samples were mildly contaminated based on CNS as evaluation standard,with soil sample No. 3 and No. 7 as an exception,which was subjected to the moderate pollution level. The heavy metal contents varied in different parts of Triticum Aestirum, with a character of root 〉 leaf 〉 ear ≈ stem for Cu, Zn, Cd, Mn, Ni, and Co, and leaf root 〉 ear 〉 stem for Pb. The contents of Cd,Pb,Cu and Zn in wheat grain exceeded the national food sanitation standard,in which the contaminated level for Cd and Pb were higher than Cu and Zn. The order of the enrichment coefficients was Cd〉Zn 〉 Cu≈Ni〉Co≈Mn〉Pb.

关 键 词：矿区 农田土壤 重金属 污染 小麦 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]