植物土传病害生防细菌的筛选、鉴定及特性研究  

Selection,Identification and Characterization of Antagonistic Bacteria against Plant Soilborne Pathogens

作　　者：李忠[1,2,3] 张翊[1] 吴小毛[1] 赵致[2,4] 刘仁祥[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学贵州省药用植物繁育与种植重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [3]贵州大学贵州省烟草品质研究重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [4]贵州大学生命科学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2013年第4期103-106,共4页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BAI74B01);贵州省中药现代化项目(黔科合中药字[2012]5004-1号);施秉县中药材产业科技合作项目(施中药科合专项[2009]11号);贵州省科技厅创新人才团队建设项目(黔科合人才团队[2010]4006);贵州省科技厅重点实验室计划项目(黔科合计Z字[2010]4015);铜仁地区烟草公司项目(贵铜烟[2009]09号)

摘　　要：为了防治植物土传病害,通过对峙培养法,从中药材根腐病重病田块的健康植株根际土样以及烟田土样中分离筛选拮抗菌株。共分离到10株细菌,它们对植物土传病菌具有一定的拮抗作用。其中,以DY-7菌株液体培养产生的抗菌物质对多种病原菌有较强的抑制作用,对何首乌根腐病菌的抑制率达96.14%,该抗菌物质具有较强的热稳定性、光稳定性和酸稳定性。通过对DY-7菌株培养物形态特征的观察和一系列的生理生化试验,初步鉴定该菌株为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)。From rhizosphere soil samples of healthy plants in heavy disease fields of medicinal herbs root rot and tobacco fields, 10 isolates were selected based on their antagonistic activities to Fusarium oxysporum and other soilborne pathogens by confront cultivation. Among them, the strain DY-7 had strong antagonistic activity against most soilborne pathogens, and the inhibition rate arrived at 96.14 % to F. oxys- porum on Polygonum multiflorum, indicating that some antagonistic substances existed in the culture. DY-7 was selected to study on the characteristics of the antagonistic substances, and the results showed that they were of certain light, thermal and acid stability. Based on observation of the morphological features and a series of physiological and biochemical experiments,DY-7 was identified as Bacillus subtilis.

关 键 词：土传病害 生物防治 拮抗作用 生防细菌 筛选 鉴定 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]