台湾海峡西侧水动力环境的季节变化特征  

Seasonal variation features of the hydrodynamic environment in the western Taiwan Strait

作　　者：万小芳[1] 潘爱军[1] 郭小钢[1] 靖春生[1] 黄奖[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《应用海洋学学报》2013年第2期156-163,共8页Journal of Applied Oceanography

基　　金：国家海洋局第三海洋研究所基本科研专项资金资助项目(海三科2008015;2008014);国家海洋公益性行业科研项目(201105002-4);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41176031;40876014);国家重点基础研究专项经费资助项目(2011CB403504)

摘　　要：本文利用2006～2007年"中国近海海洋综合调查与评价"项目在台湾海峡西侧获取的大面水温、盐度走航资料,结合座底式海床基系统获取的海流剖面以及近海底水温观测结果,系统地阐述了台湾海峡西侧水动力环境在春、夏和晚秋初冬3个季节的变化特征.研究结果表明:春季台湾海峡西侧海水垂向混合比较均一,等温线和等盐线分布大致与岸线平行,盐度和水温呈现从北往南逐渐升高、自近岸向远岸递增的特点.福建沿岸海流具有明显的正压海流特征,且为逆风的东北向海流,其最大流速(约0.25 m/s)出现在泉州外海;与此相对应,浙闽沿岸水仅局限于泉州以北近岸海域的中上水层,其盐度小于32.4.夏季台湾海峡西侧局部海域呈现典型的上升流特征,汕头、东山和南日岛外海近海底存在着明显的低温(<25℃)高盐水(>33.8)涌升中心.福建沿岸海流流向与盛行的西南季风一致,除汕头外海10 m层流速(0.19 m/s)比25 m层流速(约0.15 m/s)略大,其他海域仍具有正压流特点,最大流速(约0.40 m/s)出现在平潭外海附近.晚秋初冬台湾海峡西侧海域盐度和水温的空间分布比较接近,整体呈近岸低外海高,并随纬度降低而增加.调查期间浙闽沿岸水在2007年12月26日左右开始出现在平潭岛外海附近,随后从2008年1月15日左右整个台湾海峡西侧被南下的浙闽沿岸冷水(<17℃)控制;厦门以南近海余流流速明显小于厦门以北海域,并存在着显著的垂向流剪切.Seasonal variation features of the hydrodynamic environment in the western Taiwan Strait in spring, summer, late autumn and early winter are investigated in detail based on in situ Conductivity-Temperature-Depth （CTD） cruise data and especially the current profiles and the near-seabed temperature obtained from the BottomMounted Moorings（BMM） during a comprehensive survey conducted by the Chinese Offshore Investigation and As- sessment Project from 2006 to 2007. It reveals that the water is vertically well mixed in spring with isotherms and isohalines largely parallel with the coastline. The water temperature and salinity increases southward and in offshore direction. The coastal current adjacent to Fujian Province is largely barotropic and flows upwind as northeastward current with largest current speed occuring offshore of Quanzhou （ about 0. 25 m/s）. Correspondingly, the less saline Zhe-Min coastal water （ 〈 32.4 ） is mostly confined within the upper to middle near shore regions north of Quanzhou. By contrast, significant local upwelling features can be identified in the western Taiwan Strait in sum- mer, with three distinct cool（ 〈25℃ ）and high saline（ 〉 33.8）near-seabed upwelling centres located offshore of Shantou, Dongshan and Nanri Island, respectively. Meanwhile, the Fujian coastal current flows in accordance with the dominant summertime monsoon with largest amplitude of 0. 40 m/s or so adjacent to Pingtan and is largely baro- tropic except for the offshore zone of Shantou, where the current speed at 10 m depth（0. 19 m/s）is a bit larger than that of 25 m（0. 15 m/s）. Distribution features of the salinity and temperature are alike with each other in late au-tumn and early win offshore of Pingtan ter, increasing in both of southward and offshore directions. The Zhe-Min coastal water emerges Island from 26th December and then the whole western strait is dominated by the cold southward Zhe-Min coastal water（ 〈 17℃ ）afterward 15th Janunary during the observation p

关 键 词：物理海洋学 水动力环境 上升流 浙闽沿岸水 季节变化 台湾海峡 

分 类 号：P731[天文地球—海洋科学]