中国沿岸海域海龟的种类和分布的初步调查  

Investigations on the distribution of sea turtle species in the coastal waters of China

作　　者：牟剑锋[1,2] 陶翠花[2] 丁晓辉[1] 吴福星[1,2] 妙星[2] 王先艳[2] 祝茜[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学(威海)海洋学院,山东威海264209 [2]国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《应用海洋学学报》2013年第2期238-242,294,共6页Journal of Applied Oceanography

基　　金：保护国际资助项目[T111201(1)];国家海洋局海洋公益性资助项目(201105011);国家海洋局第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2010006)

摘　　要：采用问卷调查的方法,调查我国沿海海龟的种类和分布状况,调查范围从山东东营到广西北海,走访了16个城市的渔港或码头,共获得有效问卷962份.同时通过文献查阅和网络新闻搜集的方法,对沿海各地海龟误捕、搁浅的信息进行整理和分析,最后利用GIS(地理信息系统)对调查结果进行分析,在我国沿海地图上显示出5种海龟的分布区域,以此为基础,对中国沿海海龟的分布状况进行定期调查,进而了解在我国沿海海龟种类、分布及其种群数量的动态变化.调查发现,我国东海、南海海域发现海龟的概率要大于黄渤海海域,发现的概率基本都在50%以上,其中惠州最高,可达86%;而黄渤海海域发现的概率基本都在50%以下,其中东营最低,只有13%.在5种海龟的比较中,绿海龟(Chelonia mydas)被发现的概率最大,其他海龟被发现的概率较小,特别是玳瑁(Eretmochelys imbrica)和太平洋丽龟(Lepidochelys olivavea).据渔民反映,与往年相比,海龟的种群数量有比较大的变化,看到的次数越来越少.因此,需要加强保护海龟的力度.The distribution of sea turtles was investigated with questionnaire in the coastal waters of China. The sur vey areas covered 16 cities from Dongying, Shandong Province to Beihai, Guangxi Province. A total of 962 ques tionnaires was obtained. Meanwhile, information about the incidental caught or stranded turtles is also collected fromthe internet news and the literatures. According to the data from survey, the sites of sea turtles were analyzed using GIS（ geography information system） , and the distribution of 5 species was marked on the map, respectively. Base on GIS analysis, investigations on the distribution of sea turtles are carried out continuously for a better under standing the dynamic distribution of sea turtles species and populations in the coastal waters. The result shows that chance of spotting sea turtles is higher in the East China Sea and South China Sea than in Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea. The spotting probabilities in the East China Sea and South China Sea are mostly above 50% with the highest （ 86% ） in Huizhou in contrast to lower than 50% in Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea with the lowest（ 13% ） in Dongy ing. Green turtle （ Chelonia mydas） is found the most common species among the five species. Other sea turtles were seldom spotted, particularly for hawksbill turtle （Eretmochelys imbrica）and olive redley turtle （Lepidochelys oliva yea）. Most fishermen told that they caught sight of less sea turtle in recent years. So we need to strengthen the pro tection of sea turtles

关 键 词：海洋生物学 海龟 GIS 问卷调查 种类 分布 中国沿海 

分 类 号：P735[天文地球—海洋生物学]