张裂型褶皱下中和面顺层张裂区:一类有利储层发育区——兼谈塔里木盆地碳酸盐岩溶蚀储层的发育特征  

Bedding Tensional Zone of the Lower Neutral Plane in Tensional Fold: A Favorable Reservoir Development Area, Also on Development Characteristics of Karst Reservoirs Tarim Basin

作　　者：余和中 钱玲[2] 韩守华 傅瑾君 杨俊丰[2] 吴建国[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油杭州地质研究院 [2]中国石油塔里木油田公司

出　　处：《海相油气地质》2013年第2期51-55,共5页Marine Origin Petroleum Geology

摘　　要：背斜上中和面和向斜下中和面(斜坡部位)是有利储层的发育区,进一步的分析认为,张裂型褶皱下中和面发育的顺层张裂区也可以是有利的储层发育区,尤其是碳酸盐岩(潜山)背斜。碳酸盐岩张裂型褶皱上中和面的扇形张裂区一般发育表层岩溶带和渗流岩溶带,发育溶蚀洞、孔,多表现为杂乱反射;下中和面的顺层张裂区一般发育渗流岩溶带和潜流岩溶带,发育溶蚀孔、缝,常表现为"串珠"状反射。塔里木盆地海相碳酸盐岩中发育同生期岩溶、风化壳岩溶(表生期)、埋藏岩溶三种不同类型的古岩溶。张裂型褶皱的扇形张裂区发育地表岩溶带、垂直渗流岩溶带,均有利于储层发育;顺层张裂区既发育风化壳岩溶(水平潜流带)又发育埋藏岩溶,其中的埋藏岩溶非常有利于储层发育。塔里木盆地寒武系和奥陶系碳酸盐岩在扇形张裂区和顺层张裂区多形成同生期岩溶储层和埋藏期岩溶储层,石炭系碳酸盐岩CⅡ油组在顺层张裂区主要形成埋藏期岩溶储层。It is known that not only the upper neutral plane in an anticline but also the lower neutral plane in a syncline （the slope part） can be the area favorable to development of reservoir. A further analysis through exploration practice has indicated that the bedding tensional zone developing in the lower neutral plane in a tensional fold, especially in a carbonate anticline （a buried-hill）, can be also the area favorable to developing reservoir. Surface and seepage karst belts generally develop in the fan-shaped tensional zone of the upper neutral plane in a carbonate tensional fold, where developing solution pores and holes commonly show the clutter reflection in seismic feature, and seepage and subsur-face karst belts generally develop in the bedding tensional zone of the lower neutral plane in the tensional fold, where developing solution pores and fractures commonly show ＂beads＂ reflection. It is indicated that in Tarim Basin, palaeokarst that include contemporaneous karst, weathering-crust karst and burial karst develop in carbonate rock, where surface and seepage karst belts develop in the fan-shaped tensional zones and weathering-crust karst and burial karst develop in the bedding tensional zones, all of which are favourable to reservoir development. The contemporaneous karst and burial karst reservoirs generally develop in the fan-shaped zones and the bedding tensional zones of Cambrian and Ordovician carbonate rocks and the Burial karst reservoir commonly develops in the bedding tensional zone of Carboniferous C Ⅱ-Oil Group carbonate rock.

关 键 词：张裂型褶皱 中和面 碳酸盐岩储层 塔里木盆地 

分 类 号：TE111.2[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]