地下水开采引起水质变化的机理——以北京怀柔应急水源地为例  

Mechanism of water quality variation caused by groundwater exploitation: A case study of Huairou emergency water source area in Beijing

作　　者：杨楠[1,2] 周俊[3] 李世君[3] 潘懋[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学造山带与地壳演化教育部重点实验室,北京100871 [2]北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871 [3]北京市地质工程勘察院,北京100048

出　　处：《水资源保护》2013年第3期15-18,24,共5页Water Resources Protection

摘　　要：为探究北京怀柔应急水源地地下水开采引起水质变化的机理,依据实测水位、水质监测资料,对水源地水质状况及开发利用地下水对水质的影响及原因进行了分析。结果表明,怀柔应急水源地地下水由于长期大量开采,导致地下水位下降并引起水质变化:①补给水源入渗途径变长,淋滤作用时间增加;②潜水越流补给承压水。基于以上结论,根据水位、水质直接关系式预测2012—2014年怀柔应急水源地地下水水位、水质情况,建议南水北调工程的水资源进京后对怀柔应急水源地采取必要的停采、回灌措施,以保障首都的供水安全。In order to investigate the mechanism of water quality variation caused by groundwater exploitation in the Huairou emergency water source area in Beijing, we analyzed the water quality situation and the effect of groundwater exploitation on the water quality and its causes based on monitoring water level and water quality data. The results show that long-term excessive exploitation of the local groundwater leads to a drop of the water table and the variation of water quality ： （ 1 ） the length of the infiltration path of recharge water gets longer, leading to an increase of eluviation time, and （2） the phreatic water supplies the confined water through leakage recharge. The groundwater level and quality in the Huairou emergency water source area from 2012 to 2014 were predicted with formulas based on the conclusions above. To guarantee the water safety in Beijing, we suggest that necessary measures, such as prohibition of groundwater exploitation and groundwater recharge, should be taken when water is transferred to Beijing through the South-to-North Water Diversion Project.

关 键 词：地下水开采 水质变化 供水保障 怀柔应急水源地 北京市 

分 类 号：S273.4[农业科学—农业水土工程]