波斯纳反对波斯纳——为什么从来没有学术的自由市场这回事  

Posner against Posner： There is no such Thing as the Free Market of Ideas

作　　者：田雷[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学人文社会科学高等研究院

出　　处：《北大法律评论》2013年第1期27-49,共23页Peking University Law Review

基　　金：国家社科基金项目的资助,项目编号为12CFX019

摘　　要：在芝加哥法经济学的论述中，自由市场的概念是最为常见的隐喻之一，它一方面关联着在规范性政治理论讨论中的财富最大化或效用主义的原则，另一方面关联着在论述法律改革以及普通法历史时的效率目的论，因此构成了右翼法经济学的一个核心概念。本文讨论了芝加哥法经济学的学术组织史。在这一视角内，法经济学并不是一种政治上中立的纯理论建构，它从一开始就是内嵌在美国保守派自觉的政法运动中。在此基础上，本文指出，美国法制的宪政规范要求，法经济学不可能通过其修辞策略就推翻罗斯福新政以来经由历次政治斗争所形成的进步主义政法成就。The vision of free market has been one of the most invoked meta-phors in the discourse of Chicago-based law and economics. Whereas in the norma-tive political theorization, it is related to the principles of maximization of wealth or utilitarianism, in the economic analysis of law, especially in the recovery of common law, it is to the brooding omnipresence of efficiency. In the perspective of its aca-demic history and politics, however, instead of a politically neutral theoretical con-struction, law and economics has been embedded in a conscious movement to take the control of law initiated by the Conservatives. But the underlying contradiction of this intellectual movement is that only rhetorical success in the domain of the aca-demic cannot attain the legitimacy to repeal the progressive milestones erected by the New Deal, the Civil Rights Revolution and other constitutional norms during the twentieth century.

关 键 词：波斯纳 自由市场 修辞策略 政治革命 

分 类 号：D90-05[政治法律—法学理论]