填砂密度对熔断器分断能力和电弧模型的影响  

Effects of silica sand package density on fuse breaking capacity and arcing model applicability

作　　者：肖翼洋[1] 庄劲武[1] 陈搏[1] 

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学电气工程学院,湖北武汉430033

出　　处：《哈尔滨工程大学学报》2013年第4期524-529,共6页Journal of Harbin Engineering University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51777169)

摘　　要：熔断器用石英砂的装填密度关系到熔断器能否成功开断故障电路,但对于装填密度如何影响熔断器电弧电压以及熔断残体的形状,还缺乏定量的研究.文中研究了石英砂填充密度对电弧电压、电弧通道的轴向燃烧速率和径向扩展速率的影响,得到了保证安全分断的熔断器填充密度范围.设计了单狭颈银熔体的可控燃弧时间短路分断试验,保证燃弧过程的近似电流恒定;制作了可精确测量填充密度的可拆卸灭弧室,以精细观测熔断残体.通过对比试验,分析了经典石英砂燃弧模型在本研究中的应用效果.试验结果表明,石英砂装填密度应高于1.65 g/cm3,经典模型在不同的装填密度下不能统一地描述燃弧特性,适用性受到限制.The examination of package density of silica sand used in fuses has been noted as being highly linked to the success of fault circuit breaking.Nevertheless,there exists a lack of quantitative analysis on the effect of package density on the fuse arcing voltage and the fulgurite figure.In this paper,effects of sand package density on the arcing voltage and the axial burnback rate and radial expansion rate of arc channel were studied,and the package density range for qualified interruption was determined.We designed an arcing time controllable short-circuit interrupting experiment using silver fuselink with a single notch,and the current fluctuation was minimized.A new detachable arc extinguish chamber was developed for accurate measurement on package density,which facilitates the detailed observation on the fulgurite sealed in the chamber.Through the comparison of tests,the applicability of existing arcing model was investigated according to the research case.Results show that silica sand package densities should be higher than 1.65 g/cm3,and conventional arcing model was unable to universally depict the arcing characteristics under different package densities,thus,rendering limit applicable data.

关 键 词：熔断器 装填密度 电弧电压 熔岩 轴向燃烧速度 径向扩展速度 石英砂燃弧模型 

分 类 号：TM563[电气工程—电器]