原产地标准对中国贸易顺差的影响  

Analysis on the Impact of Origin Criterion on China's Trade Surplus

作　　者：刘兰勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学经济学院,北京100081

出　　处：《当代经济管理》2013年第5期54-60,共7页Contemporary Economic Management

摘　　要：在对我国原产地规则和标准进行剖析后,认为我国原产地标准存在过于宽松的缺陷,而这个缺陷使得很多加工贸易产品即使在我国增值百分比很低却能容易地获得我国的原产地证书从而以"中国产品"名义出口,这样就夸大了我国的贸易顺差。只有采用增值百分比标准,才能比较准确地反映我国的真实贸易差额。通过计算加工贸易增值率发现,进料加工增值率超过30%,属于"中国产品",2002年～2012年来料加工增值率低于30%,不属于"中国产品",应当从我国出口中减去。调整后的结果说明目前我国采用的原产地标准确实夸大了我国贸易差额。With further analysis of China＇s origin rules and criterion,this paper holds that China＇s origin criterion are too low,which enable many processing trade products even with low value-added percentage to easily get China＇s certificate of origin and be exported in terms of ＂ Chinese Products＂,thus exaggerating China＇s trade surplus.This paper thinks that only adopting value-added percentage standard can the figure accurate ly reflect the China＇s real trade balance.Through calculating the value-added ratio of processing trade,it is found that only those with more than 30% value-added ratio for processing with imported materials can be deemed as＂ Chinese Products＂,thus those lower than 30% during 20022012 should not be considered as ＂ Chinese Products＂ and should be subtracted from China＇s export.The adjusted result indicates that the cur rent China＇s origin criterion does exaggerate China＇s trade balance.

关 键 词：原产地标准 贸易顺差 贸易统计 实质性改变标准 增值百分比标准 

分 类 号：F710[经济管理—产业经济] F752