运输应激对AA肉鸡组织结构的影响  

Effects of Transport Stress on Organization Structure of Arbor Acres(AA)Broilers Chickens

作　　者：张雷[1] 岳顺利[1] 吕芳璐[2] 李想[3] 李剑虹[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学生命科学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江职业学院,黑龙江双城150111 [3]东北农业大学动物科技学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2013年第3期36-39,共4页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：黑龙江省自然基金项目(C200932)

摘　　要：集约化养殖的畜禽进出养殖场和屠宰前都必须经过运输,运输过程中由于捕捉、挤压、断水、断食、噪音及过度疲劳等原因所造成的运输应激会导致动物的生理、心理状态和代谢过程发生相应地变化,严重时甚至会死亡,给畜牧业生产带来巨大损失。本试验利用组织学及病理学方法研究了不同的运输时间对AA肉鸡不同组织造成的影响。选取生长状况相似健康的7周龄AA肉鸡40只,随机分成4组,每组10只,分别运输2h、3h、4h和5h,结束后立即剖杀,取心、肝、脾、肺、肾、胸腺等不同组织置于10%甲醛中,H-E染色光学显微镜下观察并拍照。结果表明:运输应激初期(2h)多数组织出现毛细血管扩张充血、细胞肿胀等急性病理性变化。运输3h到4h各组织的病理改变与初期相似但有所加重,运输5h心脏出现了心肌纤维的断裂,胸腺、脾、肾出现了功能衰竭等现象。由此可见,运输应激可导致组织细胞应激性损伤,并且组织损伤的程度随着运输时间的延长而有所波动。Under intensive farming conditions, livestock and poultry are transported when entering or leaving the farm and pre-slaughter. During loading and transporting to the slaughter house, poultries are exposed to stressful situations caused by catching, handing, fasting, noise and fatigue which may affect the animal physiological and psychological state and metabolic process. The transport stress can result in substantial losses to the livestock production. This study investigated the effect of different intensities of transport on body tissue in broiler chicks using histology and pathology method. 40 healthy Arbor Acres （AA）broilers of 7 week old were chosen and randomly divided into four groups. The transport time was divided into four levels including 2h, 3h, 4h and 5h. Heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney and thymus tissues of the birds were harvested and used for observing the changes of histology by light microscopy. The result showed that dilate of blood capillary congests and cellular swelling were observed in the initial period of transport. The pathological changes of the organization were deteriorated compared to the initial period after 3-4 hours of transport. Myocardial fiber fracture and multiple organs failure were found at 3h after transport. Transport stress can lead to stress-induced damage of the cells. The degree of tissue damage in- creased with the increase of transport time.

关 键 词：运输应激 组织结构 AA肉鸡 

分 类 号：S811.6[农业科学—畜牧学]