强、弱外部性农村环境问题及其管理方式研究  

Research on Rural Environmental Problems with either Strong Externalities or Weak Externalities and Corresponding Management Methods

作　　者：胡璇[1] 李丽丽[1,2] 栾胜基[1,2] 沈忱[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学环境与能源学院,深圳518055 [2]北京大学人居环境科学与技术重点实验室,深圳518055 [3]中国人民大学经济学院,北京100872

出　　处：《北京大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第3期509-513,共5页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis

基　　金：国家国际科技合作专项项目(2012DFG92020)资助

摘　　要：依据外部性波及范围的差异,提出将农村环境问题分为弱外部性环境问题和强外部性环境问题两种类型。理论证明这两类环境问题应通过不同的管理方式解决。通过成本比较发现,以小群体内部合作为特征的协议方式适宜于解决弱外部性农村环境问题,而以外界对小群体实施奖惩为特征的监管方式适宜于解决强外部性农村环境问题。Based on differences of externalities’ reaches,rural environment problems are categorized into two major types： environment problems with weak externalities and those with strong externalities.These two types of environmental problems need to be managed through different approaches.The authors argue that rural environment problems with weak externalities should be solved by internal cooperation within small groups,while rural environmental problems with strong externalities should be solved by supervision that imposes outside rewards and punishments on small groups.

关 键 词：强弱外部性 农村 环境问题 管理方式 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]