壳寡糖对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼生长性能、前肠组织结构及肠道主要菌群的影响  

Effect of dietary chitooligosaccharides on growth performance,gut flora and intestinal structure of juvenile GIFT tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

作　　者：田娟[1] 孙立威[1] 文华[1] 蒋明[1] 吴凡[1] 刘伟 张明明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所农业部淡水生物多样性保护与利用重点开放实验室,湖北武汉430223

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2013年第3期561-568,共8页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：农业部罗非鱼现代产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-49);农业部2010年公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201003020)

摘　　要：选用初始体质量(3.2±0.16)g的吉富罗非鱼幼鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)450尾,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每重复30尾实验鱼,分别饲喂添加壳寡糖质量分数为0.00%(对照组)、0.10%、0.30%、0.50%和0.70%的饲料8周,考查壳寡糖对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼生长性能、前肠组织结构及肠道主要菌群的影响。结果表明,在生长性能方面,添加0.30%、0.50%和0.70%壳寡糖组增重率分别较对照组显著提高12.53%、16.17%和9.47%(P<0.05);添加壳寡糖各组较对照组饲料系数显著降低,饲料干物质和蛋白质的表观消化率均显著升高(P<0.05)。在肠道组织结构方面,与对照组相比,添加0.30%和0.50%壳寡糖组的幼鱼前肠绒毛长度显著增加了18.02%和23.21%,宽度显著增加了45.21%和54.06%,密度显著增加了15.18%和19.37%(P<0.05);添加0.30%、0.50%和0.70%壳寡糖组的幼鱼肠壁厚度较对照组分别减少了16.41%、19.96%和15.00%(P<0.05)。在肠道主要菌群方面,各壳寡糖添加组大肠杆菌数量均显著降低,乳酸杆菌数量显著增加(P<0.05)。上述结果表明,吉富罗非鱼幼鱼饲料中添加壳寡糖可提高其生长性能,并改善肠道内环境,推荐适宜添加量为0.30%～0.50%。Chitooligosaccharide （COS）, which is one type of the oligosaccharides, is produced from chitin or chi- tosan by chemical or enzymatic decomposition methods. Some studies in fish regard that adding COS in dietary could produce beneficial effects on growth performance, nonspecific immune, or blood profiles. However, little information is available on its basal mechanism about which was effected by COS on promoting growth perform- ance and feed conversion, especially on intestinal microorganisms and gut mocosal structure. Therefore, we ran- domly assigned fish （N=450, average initial body weight=3.02±0.16 g） into 5 groups consisting of triplicate （n=30 fish/replicate）. Each group was hand-fed a diet containing either 0 （control group）, 0.10%, 0.30%, 0.50% or 0.70% COS to satiation three times daily for 8 weeks, and fish were reared in 400 L aquaria with the temperature of （27±2） ℃. We measured growth, intestinal microorganisms, nutrient digestibilities, and gut mocosal structure at the end of the trial. The results were as follows： compared with the control group, weight growth rate （WGR）of fish with 0.30%, 0.50% and 0.70% COS diets increased by 12.53%, 16.17% and 9.47%（P〈0.05）, respectively. All groups with COS significant increases in specific growth rate （SGR） and the digestibilities of dry matter and pro- tein （P〈0.05）, whereas feed conversion rate（FCR）decreased significantly （P〈0.05）. Compared with control group, intestinal villus length was increased by 18.02% and 23.21% （P〈0.05）, and intestinal villus width increased by 45.21% and 54.06% （P〈0.05）, and intestinal villus density increased by 15.18% and 19.37% （P〈0.05） by the ad- dition of COS 0.30% and 0.50% in diet. Each gradient of added COS reduce the amount of Escherichia coli, and increase the amount of Lacto bacillus of juvenile tilapia （P〈0.05）. Results above showed that additional COS im- proved the intestinal environment and the growth performance, therefore the appropriate

关 键 词：吉富罗非鱼 壳寡糖 肠道主要菌群 肠道结构 生长性能 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖] S965[农业科学—水产科学]