土壤生态因子与烟草生产对生态有机肥的响应  

Effects of Ecological Organic Fertilizer on Soil Ecosystem Indexes and Tobacco Production in Henan Province

作　　者：沈笑天 刘清华 刘金莉 马宇 李莉 贾晓梅 赵鑫春 李鹏[4,5] 牛书金 

机构地区：[1]南阳市烟叶生产办公室,河南南阳473000 [2]平顶山市烟草公司,河南平顶山467000 [3]浙江中烟工业有限公司,浙江杭州310000 [4]南阳市烟草分公司,河南南阳473000 [5]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2013年第9期3800-3803,3964,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省烟草专卖局科技项目(HYKJ)

摘　　要：[目的]开发一种新型生态有机肥,获得激活土壤活性的微生物,从而改善土壤物理性状,活化土壤中的养分,提高烟叶的抗病性、产量及品质。[方法]基于对土壤生物学性状的研究,采用非传统改良土壤的方法改良烟区土壤,施用生态有机肥。[结果]土壤中细菌、硝化细菌有很大幅度的增加;土壤中速效磷含量增加,容重降低;烟叶含Cl量降低;总糖、还原糖、钾、苯甲醇和巨豆三烯酮2含量有一致的升高;黑胫病、花叶病发病率明显降低,比对照平均增产17.9%,效益增加20.2%,上等烟增加6.5个百分点。[结论]施用生态有机肥有显著的改良土壤、提高烟叶产值的效果。[ Objective] A new soil melioration method and a new production （ ecological organic fertilizer） were developed, which could acti- vate the microbial activity. Thus, the soil physical condition and the fertility of soil were improved to enhance the disease resistance and the yield of tobacco. [ Method ] According to the recent research of the soil biological condition, the tobacco planting soil could be meliorated through optimizing the agrobiologic properties. The soil was treated by the new ecological organic fertilizer. [ Result]The bacterium and nitro- bacteria were increased in a large range. At the same time, the available P content was increased and the density was reduced. The C1 content was reduced and the total sugar, reducing sugar, K, benzene carbino and megastigmatrienone2 were increased. The incidence of phytophora parasitica and TMV were reduced obviously. The yield of tobacco leaf, benefit and classic tobacco leaf were increased by 17.9%, 20.2% and 6.5% respectively. [ Conclusion] The new ecological organic fertilizer may improve the condition of the soil and enhance the quality and the yield of tobacco.

关 键 词：土壤生态 烟叶 肥料 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]