土壤重金属污染现状及微生物修复技术研究进展  

Current situation of soil contamination by heavy metals and research progress in bio-remediation technique

作　　者：钱春香[1] 王明明[1] 许燕波[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学材料科学与工程学院,南京211189

出　　处：《东南大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第3期669-674,共6页Journal of Southeast University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：江苏省科技支撑计划资助项目(BK2010062)

摘　　要：分析了土壤重金属污染现状及其土壤污染源,研究发现污染源以矿山开采和电镀厂的废水排放为主.对比研究了物理化学修复和生物修复技术的优缺点,其中生物修复技术具有成本低、效果好、操作简单等优势,因此是一个新兴的修复方向.生物修复技术包括植物修复技术和微生物修复技术,目前微生物修复技术的研究主要以微生物吸附和氧化还原重金属及微生物矿化固结重金属离子为主,其中微生物矿化固结土壤中重金属离子的修复技术可通过微生物分泌有机质的控制将离子态重金属离子转变为固态矿物.最后提出了微生物修复技术的发展趋势及研究方向.The current situation of soil contamination by heavy metals is analysed.It is found that the main sources of contamination are mining and waste water from galvanization factories.The different techniques of physical-chemical method and bioremediation method are compared,and it is found that the bioremediation method manifests an emerging direction due to its merits,such as low cost,favorable effect,and easy operation.The bio-remediation includes plant remediation and microbial remediation.The current researches of microbial remediation include adsorption,oxidation-reduction and mineralization of heavy metal ions by microorganisms,and the mechanism of mineralization can transfer heavy metal ions into solid mineral by means of the organic matter secreted by microorganisms.At last,the development trend and research direction of microbial remediation are propoced.

关 键 词：重金属 土壤污染 微生物修复 微生物矿化 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]