封闭药物外敷治疗甘露醇外渗致局部组织损伤的疗效观察  

The effect observation of external application of drugs on the treatment of tissue injury caused by the extravasations of mannitol

作　　者：罗孟媛[1] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学附属南海医院神经外科,广东佛山528200

出　　处：《中国当代医药》2013年第16期93-94,共2页China Modern Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨局部外敷利多卡因与地塞米松联合马铃薯片外敷治疗高渗药物外渗致局部组织损伤及预防静脉炎的效果。方法将36例甘露醇药物外渗致大面积(红肿痛范围超过5cm×5cm)局部组织损伤患者按单月、双月发生随机分为两组,对照组(18例)静脉滴注甘露醇外渗后单用马铃薯片湿敷,观察组(18例)静脉滴注甘露醇外渗后给予2%利多卡因5mL加地塞米松5mg加0.9%氯化钠注射液10mL湿热敷30min后再予马铃薯片贴敷,并对两组局部红肿痛等症状的治疗效果及有无静脉炎发生进行观察。结果观察组局部外敷封闭药物预防皮肤损伤有效率明显高于对照组。结论 2%利多卡因5mL加地塞米松5mg加0.9%氯化钠注射液10mL湿热敷后再予马铃薯片贴敷,可明显控制高渗药物外渗后对局部组织的刺激,迅速减轻局部红肿热痛等症状,有效预防局部皮肤组织的坏死及静脉炎的发生,效果明显优于单用马铃薯片外敷。Objective To explore the effect of external application of lidocaine and dexamethasone combined with potato chips on the treatment of the tissue injury caused by the extravasations of hyperosmotic drugs. Methods Thirty-six patients whose large -area tissue were injured by the extravasation of mannitol were randomly divided into two groups according to the ＂odd＂ or ＂even＂ month （redness and swelling range more than 5 cm ×5 cm）. Patients in the control group were dealt with mere compress of wet potato chips over the extravasations of mannitol caused by intravenous drip. The observation group （18 cases） was given 30-minute hydropathic and hot compress made by 5 mL lidocaine which concentration was 2%, 5mg dexamethasone as well as 10 mL sodium chloride injection which concentration was 0.9% and then compress the potato chips. The observation indexes were redness, swollen ,pain and phlebitis. Results The rate of the observation group for relieving the injury of skin was obviously higher than the control group. Conclusion The 2% lidocaine 5 mL 5 mg and 0.9% sodium chloride injection plus dexamethasone 10 mL wet hot compress to the chips are applied again after, can obviously control the hypertonic stimulation of local tissue after drug exosmosis, quickly relieve symptoms such as swelling thermal pain, effectively prevent the local skin tissue necrosis and the occurrence of phlebitis, potato chips alone is obviously better than the effect of external treatment.

关 键 词：甘露醇外渗 外敷 护理 疗效观察 

分 类 号：R459.2[医药卫生—治疗学]