海南岛主要水系枯水期底栖硅藻群落特征及区系分析  

Benthic diatom assemblages and their distribution pattern during a low water season in the main catchments of Hainan Island

作　　者：陈秋菊[1] 夏伟[1] 唐红渠[1] 姜仕军[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学水生生物研究所,广州510632

出　　处：《生态科学》2013年第1期1-7,共7页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家青年科学基金(31100389);暨南大学科研培育与创新基金(21611401);暨南大学引进优秀人才科研启动基金(50625039)资助

摘　　要：以海南岛主要水系的30个样点的河流底栖硅藻为对象,分析了其枯水期的群落组成,并探讨了群落的地理分布特征。在鉴定出的55属174种底栖硅藻中,曲壳藻属是优势属,占52.3%。聚类分析及非度量多维尺度分析(NMDS)显示,底栖硅藻群落表现出明显的地理分布差异,可划分为西部坝王岭、西部尖峰岭、中部的鹦哥岭和五指山以及东部的吊罗山4大群系。其中西部山区昌化江水系的硅藻多样性最低,中部山区为昌化江水系和南渡江水系的发源地,其硅藻多样性最高,东部山区硅藻也表现出一定独特性,说明本研究中底栖硅藻群落分布很可能受季风及地理空间因素的影响。大多数样点的优势种为清洁指示种,少数样点出现了Gomphonema parvulum和Aulacoseira ambigua等高营养盐指示种,表明大部分河流水质良好,仅少部分河流由于人类活动而出现了富营养化趋势。Benthic diatoms from three river catchments across Hainan Island’s five national natural reserves were examined to explore the community structure and spatial distribution patterns.Among the 174 benthic diatom species in 55 genera observed from the 30 sampling sites,the dominant genus is Achnanthes with relative abundance of 52.3%.Cluster analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling（NMDS） analysis reveal a distinct geographic pattern,which differentiate the western Bawangling,western Jianfengling,the middle Yinggeling and Wuzhishan,and the eastern Diaoluoshan with various characteristic benthic diatom communities.Diatom diversity is the lowest in the western mountain zone but highest in the middle mountain zone.The contrast in benthic diatom community between the western mountains,and the middle and eastern mountains possibly suggests a climate control by southeast Asian monsoon.At most of the 30 study sites,the dominant species are indicators of clean water quality,such as Achnanthidium minutissimum,A.rivulare,Achnanthes subhudsonis,Gomphonema clevei and Navicula cryptotenella;whereas only a few sites contain Gomphonema parvulum and Aulacoseira ambigua,indicators of high levels of nutrients.This indicates that the rivers investigated are in good condition,but one should be cautioned against the eutrophication trend at a few sites with intensified human activities.

关 键 词：海南岛 底栖硅藻 空间分布格局 聚类分析 非度量多维尺度分析(NMDS) 

分 类 号：S968.315[农业科学—水产养殖]