序批式生物膜反应器挂膜启动实现短程硝化  

Start-up experiment of biofilm culturings to achieve partial nitrification in sequencing batch biofilm reactor

作　　者：荣宏伟[1] 胡皓 张可方[1] 戴家浚[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州大学教育部广东省珠江三角洲水质安全与保护实验室,广州510006

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2013年第6期2063-2068,共6页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51278133);广东省自然科学基金重点资助项目(9251009101000001);广东省教育厅科研项目科技创新项目(2012KJCX0085);广州市科技计划项目(2010Z1-E051)

摘　　要：常温条件下(20～25℃),以模拟的人工配水为研究对象,采用序批式生物膜反应器(SBBR),在初期挂膜的基础上,笔者运用两种不同的挂膜方式即重新加入新泥和不加新泥而加大进水COD浓度来实现生物膜的快速启动。实验表明,2种挂膜启动通过14 d的培养与富集,NH4+-N与COD的处理效果都能分别达到85%和75%以上。将剩余污泥排尽后,采用第1种挂膜方式的反应器通过连续间歇曝气,达到了比较好的短程硝化效果。调整溶解氧,并且通过先下降后上升曝气量的方式,能进一步提高亚氮的出水。最终在DO为3.6 mg/L时,亚氮的积累率能达到平均74%左右,达到了比较好的亚硝化效果。而第2种挂膜方式培养的生物膜则以好氧反硝化菌为主,去除的氨氮由同化作用和培养的好氧反硝化菌去除,以后者为主。通过比较可以看出,为了实现短程硝化,第1种挂膜方式比第2种更具有优越性,有利于硝化菌种的生长和亚氮的积累,而第2种方式则有利于培养好氧反硝化菌。Under normal temperature conditions （20 -25C ）, taking simulated artificial wastewater as the re- search object, the sequencing batch biofilm reactor （SBBR） was used to achieve the quick start-up of the biofilm by two different biofilm culturing manners of re-adding fresh activated sludge and increasing influent COD concentration, respectively on the basis of initial biofilm culturing. The results showed that, through 14 d cultivation and enrichment, the removal rates of ammonia nitrogen and COD were over 85% and 75% , respectively. When the excess sludge was drained away, the first manner of biofilm culturing had a good shortcut nitrification effect by continuous intermittent aeration. It could further increase the concentration of effluent nitrite nitrogen by adjusting DO and make the aeration rate first decreased and then increased. Finally, the nitrogen accumulation rate could reach an average of about 74% when DO was 3.6 mg/L, and it had a good effect on nitrous nitrifying. The second manner of biofilm culturing mainly contained aerobic denitrifying bacteria. The ammonia nitrogen was removed by assimilation and the aerobic denitrif- ying bacteria cultivated, mainly the latter. Comparing the two manners, for achieving shortcut nitrification, the first manneer was better than the second one, because the former was beneficial to the growth of nitrifying bacteria and the accumulation of nitrite nitrogen, while the latter helped to cultivate aerobic denitrifying bacteria.

关 键 词：序批式生物膜反应器(SBBR) 挂膜方式 短程硝化 溶解氧(DO) 好氧反硝化菌 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]