莫莫格自然保护区白鹤秋季迁徙停歇期觅食生境选择  

Foraging habitat selection of Siberian Crane (Grus leucogeranus) during autumn migration period in the Momoge Nature Reserve

作　　者：孔维尧[1] 郑振河 吴景才[1] 宁宇[2] 王永 韩晓东[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林省林业科学研究院湿地野生动物研究所,长春130033 [2]北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院,北京100083 [3]莫莫格保护区自然管理局,镇赉137316

出　　处：《Zoological Research》2013年第3期166-173,共8页动物学研究（英文）

基　　金："十一五"林业科技支撑项目(2006BAD03A1901)

摘　　要：2008年秋季（10月8日-20日）及2009年秋季（9月20日-10月16日），通过样方法对觅食生境11个生态因子进行调查，利用卡方检验、资源选择指数和资源选择函数在莫莫格保护区对秋季迁徙停歇期白鹤觅食生境选择进行研究。结果表明，白鹤对距人为干扰源距离、植被密度、盖度、高度、植物性食物密度以及水深均具有选择性，但对宏观尺度干扰因子的选择性较低。其偏好觅食生境的特点为：距一级路〉5000m，〉二级路1500m以上，〉三级路1000m以上，〉居民点1000m以上，农田〉1000m；植被密度20～50株／m2，盖度〈10％，高度〈20cm，扁杆蔗草密度1～50株／m2，蔗草密度1～10株／m2，水深40～60cm。白鹤秋季觅食生境资源选择函数为Logistic（P）=0．663＋0．565x与一级道路距离＋0．042x与二级道路距离＋0．519x与三级道路距离＋0．353x与居民点距离＋0．169x与农田距离-0．455x植被密度-0．618x植被盖度-0．548x植被高度-0．158x扁杆蔗草密度-0．404x蔗草密度＋0．920x水深，T（x）=e^Logistic（p）／[1＋e^Logistic（p）]，模型正确预测率为82．9％。In autumn of 2008 and 2009, we studied the foraging habitat selection of Siberian Crane （Grus leucogeranus） in the Momoge Nature Reserve of Jilin province. Using the resource selection index, resource selection functions, and the chi-squared test, we found that the Siberian Crane exhibited selectivity in their preferred foraging environments in relation to the distance to human disturbances, vegetation density, coverage and height, foraging vegetation density and water level. Interestingly, this selectivity in regards to large scale disturbances was lower than other factors. The characteristics of favorite foraging habits of Siberian Cranes include a variety of factors： a distance 〉5000 m from a national highway, 〉1500 rn from a non-gravel road, 〉1000 m from the nearest road, 〉1000 m from a residential area, 〉I 000 m from farmland; plant density between 20 and 50 grass/m2; plant coverage lower than 10%; plant height lower than 20 cm; Scirpus planiclmis density between 1 and 50 grass/m2; Scirpus triqueter density between 1 and 10 grass/m2; and the water level between 40 and 60 cm. The resource selection functions of Siberian Crane foraging habitat in autumn can be described thusly： Logistic （P） = 0.663 ＋ 0.565x distance to national highway ＋ 0.042xdistance to non-gravel road ＋ 0.519x distance to the nearest road ＋ 0.353xdistance to residential area ＋ 0.169x distance to farmland - 0.455x vegetation density - 0.618x vegetation coverage - 0.548x vegetation height - 0.158x Scirpus planiclmis density - 0.404x Scirpus triqueter density ＋ 0.920x water level, T （x） =e^Logistic（p） / [1 ＋ e^Logistic（p）], with an overall prediction accuracy of 82.9%.

关 键 词：白鹤 觅食生境选择 资源选择指数 资源选择函数 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]