我院2011年临床分离5098株病原菌分布及耐药性分析  

Distribution and drug resistance spectrum of 5 098 clinical pathogens in 2011 in our hospital.

作　　者：陈琼[1] 阮章元[2] 郑长业[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学附属闽东医院检验科,福建福安355000 [2]福建医科大学附属闽东医院检验科输血科,福建福安355000

出　　处：《海南医学》2013年第11期1644-1647,共4页Hainan Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的了解本院2011年临床分离细菌和念珠菌的分布特征、耐药谱,为临床合理使用抗生素提供依据。方法大多数分离细菌的鉴定和药敏试验利用Vitek2仪,少数利用手工鉴定和K-B法,念珠菌利用显色平板分离和鉴定K-B法,药敏数据分析用WHONET5.4软件。结果各种标本类型5098株分离株中,占前6位的分别是大肠埃希菌(9.9%)、鲍曼不动杆菌(9.0%)、铜绿假单胞菌(8.1%)、白色念珠菌(7.7%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(6.1%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(5.7%)。革兰氏阴性杆菌耐药率较低的为亚胺培南、美洛培南、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、阿米卡星,大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌产ESBLs比例分别为55.0%和47.8%。革兰氏阳性球菌耐药率较低的为万古霉素、替考拉宁、呋喃妥因。金黄色葡萄球菌、溶血葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌和腐生葡萄球菌的甲氧西林耐药率分别为50.8%、92.9%、90.4%和94.0%。念珠菌对常用抗真菌药物两性霉素B、制菌霉素、伊曲康唑、氟胞嘧啶的耐药率较低。结论革兰阴性杆菌已成为医院分离的最常见病原菌,医院应重视病原菌的耐药性监测,指导临床合理使用抗生素。Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance spectrum of 5 098 clinical pathogens in 2011. Methods Most bacterial isolates were identified by Vitek-2 and a few were identified by manual method and K-B method. Candida isolates were identified by color-display plate and K-B method. Results The common isolates in 5 098 strains were E. coli （9.9%）,A. baumannii （9.0%）, P. aeruginosa （8.1%）, C. albicans （7.7%）, S. aureus （6.1%）,K pneumoniae （5.7%）. In gram-negative isolates, bacteria resistance rates for Imipenem, Meropenem, Cefoperazone/sulbactam, Piperacillin/tazobactam, Amikacin were low. The rates of E. coli and K. pneumoniae producing ES- BLs were 55.0% and 47.8%, respectively. In gram-positive cocci isolates, bacteria resistance rates for Vancomycin, Teicoplanin, Nitrofurantoin were low. The methicillin-resistant rates ofS. aureus, S. haemolyticns, S. epidermidis and S. saprophyticus were 50.8%, 92.9%, 90.4% and 94.0%, respectively. Candida resistance rates for Amphotericin B, Itraconazole, Flucytosine and Nystain were low. Conclusion Gram-negative bacillus have become the most common pathogens from clinical specimens. Hospitals should pay attention to the root cause of drug resistant bacteria and rational use of antimicrobial agent.

关 键 词：临床分布 病原菌 耐药性 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]