农用硝酸铵水溶液热爆炸机理研究  

Study on thermal explosive mechanism of ammonium nitrate in aqueous solution

作　　者：程松 景奇佳 曹雄[3] 

机构地区：[1]东台市安监局,江苏东台224200 [2]赛鼎工程有限公司,山西太原030032 [3]中北大学化工与环境学院,山西太原030051

出　　处：《山西化工》2013年第2期8-10,共3页Shanxi Chemical Industry

基　　金：山西省自然科学基金(2010011016)

摘　　要：为了防止硝酸铵在生产过程中发生爆炸事故,利用自行设计的实验装置对硝酸铵水溶液的临界爆炸温度进行了实验研究,并从反应动力学的角度对其影响因素进行了分析。研究结果表明,硫酸及氯离子两者同时存在时,临界爆炸温度随着氯离子浓度的增加而降低,两者呈良好的指数关系;临界爆炸温度的对数与氯离子质量分数的倒数成线性关系,反应动力学可以较好地解释这一现象。研究结果对硝酸铵的安全生产有重要的指导意义。Ammonium nitrate has wide range of functionsin in the agricultural production and national defense. To prevent the explosive incident in the process of the ammonium nitrate＇s fertilizer production, the critical explosive temperature of agricultural ammonium nitrate in aqueous solution has been studied by using the self designed devices. At the same time its reaction mechanism has been analyzed. The results show that aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate exploded critical temperature changed with chloride ion concentration, where the good exponential relation between critical temperature and chloride ion concentration. The logarithm critical explosive temperature is linear with reciprocal of concentration of chlorine ion. This phenomenon has been explained by the reaction dynamics. The results have important guiding significance on the production safety of the ammonium nitrate＇s fertilizer production.

关 键 词：硝酸铵 临界爆炸温度 反应动力学 安全性 

分 类 号：TQ560[化学工程—炸药化工]