2011年北京市通州区儿童免疫规划疫苗接种率及其影响因素  

The vaccination rate of the National Immunization Program and its effect factors in Tongzhou district of Beijing in 2011

作　　者：宁召起[1] 徐颖[1] 刘东磊[2] 解艳涛[1] 王宝兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市通州区疾病预防控制中心,101100 [2]北京市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2013年第3期102-106,共5页Capital Journal of Public Health

基　　金：2011年北京市优秀人才培养资助项目(2011D003034000008)

摘　　要：目的了解北京市通州区儿童国家免疫规划疫苗基础免疫水平,分析及时接种影响因素,提出改进措施。方法按照PPS方法对在该区居住2个月以上、2009年1月1日～2010年10月31日出生的490名儿童(本市儿童235名、流动儿童255名)预防接种资料及相关数据进行分析。结果所评价的疫苗基础免疫合格接种率均>90%,基础免疫及时接种率低于合格接种率;DPT、MV疫苗加强免疫合格接种率均>90%;OPV、DPT、MV、五苗全程免疫及时接种率以及BCG、HBV合格接种率,本市儿童高于流动儿童。不合格接种针次中超期接种占47.34%,提前接种占30.18%,未种占23.67%。结论信息系统的应用、学龄前流动儿童强化查漏补种及较高的社会参与度,对提高流动儿童的接种率起到了积极的效果。由于流动儿童家长的文化水平、重视程度相对较低,疫苗接种及时性流动儿童与本市儿童仍有一定的差距。通过基础免疫的接种,流动儿童家长的按时接种意识、依从性有了很大的提高。临时禁忌症、体检发现的先天性出生缺陷、一类疫苗与二类疫苗不同时接种、BCG复查是影响及时接种率的主要因素。Objective To understand the primary vaccination level of National Immunization Program （NIP） among children in Tongzhou District and analyze the effect factors of its timely coverage, therefore to provide improvement measures. Methods PPS sampling method was enrolled in the study. The vaccination information and related data collected from 490 children （235 local children and 255 migrant children） , who were born from January 1,2009 to October 31 , 2010 and lived in Tongzbou District more than two months, were studied. Results The primary immunization coverage of all vaccines was higher than 90%. The timely vaccination rate for primary doses was lower than the qualified vaccination rate. The qualified vaccination rates for booster doses of DDP and MV were higher than 90%. The timely vaccination rates of OPV, DPT, MV and the timely rate of fully vaccinated by five vaccines in local children were higher than that in floating children. Meanwhile, the qualified vaccination rates of BCG and HBV had the same character in local and migrant children. Among the children with unqualified vaccination, overdue vaccination, vaccination in advance and non-vaccination accounted for 47.34% , 30. 18% and 23.67% , respectively. Conclusion The application of information system, the implementation of supplementary immunization activities for pre-school migrant children and the higher degree participation of societies had played positive effects on improving the migrant children＇s vaccination rate. Because the degree of education and attention of migrant children＇s parents were relatively lower than that of local parents, the timely vaccination rate in two groups had difference. After administrating primary immunization, the awareness and compliance with vaccination among migrant children＇s parents improved greatly. The key factors for influencing timely vaccination rate were temporary contraindications, congenital defects founded in physical examinations, inoculation of the first and second class vaccines at different

关 键 词：免疫规划疫苗 及时接种率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]