利用^(31)P核磁共振技术研究不同磷肥施用方式对土壤磷形态的影响  

Study on effects of different phosphorus fertilizer applications on soil phosphorus forms by phosphorus-^(31) magnetic resonance spectroscopy

作　　者：马瑞[1,2] 方海兰[2] 梁晶[2] 郝冠军[2] 黄懿珍[2] 赵晓艺[2] 吕子文[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,南京210095 [2]上海市园林科学研究所,上海200232

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2013年第3期14-19,共6页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：上海辰山植物园专项(G102402);上海市人才发展基金项目(No.2009044)资助

摘　　要：为了解不同磷肥施用方式对土壤磷形态的影响,采用NaOH/Na_2EDTA浸提法和^(31)P核磁共振技术研究不同配比的污泥和磷酸二氢钾施到砖红壤和灰潮土之后磷形态的变化。结果表明:不同配比的污泥和磷酸二氢钾均能显著增加土壤被浸提磷的含量和磷酸酶活性。污泥不但有利于有机磷固定,而且丰富了土壤中磷的形态,有机磷含量随污泥用量的增加而增加;磷酸二氢钾只在低用量时才发生有机磷固定,且固定的有机磷易矿化;污泥和磷酸二氢钾混合施用也只是在低用量时才有利于有机磷的固定。就增加土壤磷酶活性而言,污泥效果最好,其次为污泥和磷酸二氢钾混合施用,磷酸二氢钾单独施用效果最差;且土壤磷酸酶活性和有机磷含量成正相关。磷在土壤中的形态变化主要发生在磷肥施用到土壤的14 d之内,之后磷的形态基本稳定。The changes of soil phosphorus forms after combined applications of both sewage sludge and KH2 PO4 to latosol and calcareous alluvial soil were studied by using NaOH/Na2EDTA extraction and 31 p magnetic resonance spectroscopy（31 PNMR）. The results showed that all the combined applica tions could significantly improve the total phosphorus content and phosphatase activity of soil. The ap plied sewage sludge was propitious to both fixing organic phosphorus and enriching phosphorus forms, and the organic phosphorus content increased with the amount of applied sewage sludge increasing; But the KH2 PO4 applied only at a low dose could fix organic phosphorus,and the fixed organic phos phorus mineralized easily;Only at a low dose the combined applications of both sewage sludge and KH2 PO4 could be beneficial to the organic phosphorus fixation. In terms of soil phosphatase activity,the effect of applied sewage sludge was the best, that of the combined application came second, and that of KH2PO4 application was the poorest. There was a positive correlation between the soil phos phatase activity and the organic phosphorus content. The change of soil phosphorus forms occurred mainly within 14 days after the phosphorus fertilizer application,and later the phosphorus forms were basically stable.

关 键 词：土壤分析 磷 污泥 磷酸二氢钾 核磁共振 NAOH NA2 EDTA浸提 

分 类 号：S151.9[农业科学—土壤学]