吉林市0～14岁儿童支气管哮喘流行病学调查  

Epidemiological study on bronchial asthma among 0～14 years old children in Jilin

作　　者：史春华[1] 张玮[1] 景玉华 王莉霞[3] 张庚[1] 陈彦伶[1] 陈蕾[1] 郭轩佐[4] 

机构地区：[1]吉林医药学院附属医院儿科,吉林吉林132013 [2]吉林吉化公司总院儿科,吉林吉林132021 [3]吉林中西医结合医院质控科,吉林吉林132012 [4]吉林医药学院附属医院质控科,吉林吉林132013

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2013年第6期645-648,共4页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

基　　金：吉林省吉林市科技局课题(201032245)

摘　　要：【目的】了解吉林省吉林市0～14岁儿童哮喘的流行现状、临床特征以及影响因素,为地区儿童哮喘防治和管理提供流行病学依据。【方法】2010年采用随机整群抽样法,在吉林市四个行政区抽取调查对象7 650名,首先对调查对象填写初筛表,再对确诊对象进行详细调查。【结果】吉林市0～14岁儿童哮喘累积患病率为2.94%,近1年现患率为1.70%。0～6岁哮喘的患病人数占总患病数的60%,其中1岁和3岁是两个患病年龄的高峰,上呼吸道感染、湿疹、过敏性鼻炎以及遗传因素等与儿童哮喘发病有关。【结论】2010年吉林市0～14岁儿童哮喘的患病率高于2000年全国儿童哮喘平均水平,多种因素可增加儿童哮喘的发病危险,4岁以下儿童,尤其是托幼儿童是哮喘高风险人群,应重视过敏体质高危儿呼吸道疾病的综合管理。[Objective] To study the epidemiological state,influence factors on bronchia asthma of 0- 14 years old children in Jilin city,and in order to provide the basis for asthma prevention and management. [Method] With cluster random sampling in 2010,7 650 cases were sampled in four districts in Jilin to fill in disease forms at first,and carry out detail check up. [Results] The accumulative incidence rate of asthma disease was 2.94%, the current incidence rate was 1.70 %. 0- 6 years old was 60 % in the total asthma prevalence, 1 year old and 3 years old were two peak prevalence age. Respiratory infection,infantile eczema,allergic rhinitis and heredity were related to the asthma disease. [Conclusions] Incidence rate of asthma disease in children of 0- 14 years old in Jilin city was higher than those of the mean level of China. Pathogenesis of asthma is influenced by many factors. Children younger than 4 years old are at high risk of asthma. The integrated management of respiratory allergies high-risk children should be paid attention to.

关 键 词：哮喘 患病率 流行病学 儿童 

分 类 号：R722.1[医药卫生—儿科]