水基泡沫降低稠油流动阻力的新思路  

New Ideas of Drag Reduction for Heavy Oil Flow Using Aqueous Foam

作　　者：敬加强[1] 代科敏[1] 李业[1] 明亮[1] 汤皓 

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学石油工程学院,四川成都610500 [2]中国石油海洋工程有限公司海工事业部,山东青岛266555

出　　处：《西南石油大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第3期174-182,共9页Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51074136);高等学校博士点基金(20115121110004)

摘　　要：根据"泡沫油"产量比普通稠油产量高数倍及微气泡可降低湍流边界层摩阻的事实,提出采用水基泡沫来实现稠油流动边界层隔离与润滑减阻的新思路。基于国内外相关研究成果的系统分析,探讨水环、微气泡和水基泡沫减阻的有效性,剖析水环输送存在的主要问题,理论分析利用水基泡沫环在水平管与垂直管中实现稠油流动减阻的可行性。结果表明,泡沫环减阻思路在理论上是可行的,且井筒及深水立管之类的垂直管更容易实施,其深入研究可望解决水平管内稠油-水中心环状结构的油流"偏心"难题;筛选合适的泡沫剂体系可有效缓解油水乳化与油在管壁上黏附,改善管壁的润滑性,提高中心环状流的稳定性;然而,泡沫环减阻思路的实际应用尚需深入研究其相关科学问题。According to the fact that the productivity of foamy oil is several times higher than that of normal crude oil, and microbubbles can reduce the frictional drag of the turbulent boundary layer, a new solution is proposed for drag reduction of heavy oil flow through boundary layer isolation and lubrication with aqueous foam, which is called as oil-foam core annular flow （OFCAF）. Based on the systemic analysis of relevant studies at home and abroad, the drag reduction effectiveness of the oil flow through annular water, microbubble and aqueous foam is discussed; the major problems of the oil-water core annular flow are analyzed, and the feasibility of the 0FCAF in horizontal and vertical pipes is also analyzed theoretically. The results show that drag reduction of heavy oil flow by OFCAF could be feasible in theory, and the implementation of OFCAF in vertical pipes such as wellbore or deep-water riser pipe is easier. The eccentric problem of the oil-water core annular flow in a horizontal pipe will be solved in the next step. Furthermore, an adaptive foam system should be screened according to the stability requirement of the OFCAF, which could relieve the oil-water emulsification and oil adhesion on the pipe wall and thus improve the lubricity of pipe surface and increase the stability of the OFCAF. However, some related problems still need to be investigated intensively before the actual application of drag reduction by OFCAF.

关 键 词：稠油流动 减阻 水基泡沫 油-泡沫中心流 边界层 

分 类 号：TE866.9[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]