光周期对光敏胞质不育小麦花药发育过程中Ca^(2+)分布的影响  

Effect of Photoperiod on Calcium Distribution in Photoperiod-Sensitive Cytoplasmic Male-Sterile Wheat during Anther Development

作　　者：孟祥红[1] 王建波[1] 利容千[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学生命科学学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《Acta Botanica Sinica》2000年第1期15-22,共8页Acta Botanica Sinica（植物学报：英文版）

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金资助项目&&

摘　　要：运用焦锑酸钾沉淀法 ,研究了不同光照条件下光敏胞质不育小麦 (TriticumaestivumL .)花药发育过程中Ca2 + 的分布。短日照条件下 ,小孢子形成和花粉发育过程中胞内Ca2 + 在数量、分布上有变化 ;小孢子表面逐渐积累Ca2 + ,至成熟花粉表面覆盖一层Ca2 + ,胞质Ca2 + 较少 ;药隔和药壁组织通过质外体或共质体途径运输Ca2 + 供给花粉的发育 ;长日照条件下 ,花粉败育发生在不同时期 ,早期败育的花粉皱缩 ,胞质降解 ,Ca2 + 分布在花粉胞质边缘和药室基质中 ,药壁和药隔内Ca2 + 较少 ;后期败育的花粉表面Ca2 + 积累相对较少 ,胞质内有大量Ca2 + 分布 ,并且胞质从内部液泡化 ,最后完全降解 ,Ca2 + 积累在花粉质膜内侧 ,药壁表皮、药室内壁和中层细胞内有较多的Ca2 + 分布 ,药隔连接细胞内积累了大量Ca2 + 。花粉败育与Ca2 + 的异常分布有关。Potassium antimontate was used to locate Ca 2+ in fertile and sterile anthers of photoperiod_sensitive cytoplasmic male_sterile wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.).The quantity and distribution of calcium precipitates change in microspore and pollen during microsporogenesis and pollen development.The calcium precipitates gradually accumulated on the surface of tetraspore or pollen until pollen mature. They were abundant on the surface of the trinucleate pollen,but not in the cytoplasm.Calcium was transported in anther wall and intervening connective tissue via symplast and apoplast system,meeting the need of microspore and pollen development.Abortive pollens were observed in the anthers developed under long daylight exposure. Abundant calcium precipitates were distributed along the edge of the degradatived pollen plasma and in the locular matrix,but little in the anther wall and intervening connective tissue of the early abortive pollen.Calcium precipitates accumulated on the surface of pollen was less than fertile pollen,but abundant calcium appear in the epiderms,endotheciums,middle layers of anther wall and cells of connective tissue.The results indicate that abnormalities in the distribution of calcium correlate with the failure of pollen development in photoperiod_sensitive cytoplasmic male_sterile wheat.

关 键 词：光敏胞质不育 小麦 花药发育 光周期 CA^2+ 分布 

分 类 号：Q945.43[生物学—植物学]